English L- Judiciary

• What is the role of judges in the judiciary?

  Judges interpret and apply the law in court.
• What qualifications must judges have?

  Judges must have a legal qualification and experience in law.
• What is the role of the Justices of the Supreme Court?

  They deal with points of law of general public importance.
• How many criminal applications does the court receive per year?

  Over 7,000 applications per year.
• How many civil appeals does the court handle annually?

  Over 5,000 appeals annually.
• What is the role of a Recorder in the judiciary?

  Recorders are part-time judges with at least 7 years of experience.
• What is the Judicial Appointments Commission (JAC)?

  The JAC manages the recruitment of judges and is independent from political influence.
• What is the significance of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005?

  It established the independence of the judiciary from Parliament.
• What does the term 'judicial immunity' refer to?

  Judicial immunity protects judges from being sued for their judicial actions.
• At what age do judges typically retire?

  Judges typically retire at age 75.
• What is the role of the Lord Chancellor in relation to judges?

  The Lord Chancellor is not allowed to influence judges' decisions.
• How does the Supreme Court's role differ after 2009?

  Since 2009, the Supreme Court is no longer involved in law-making in the House of Lords.
• What is a declaration of incompatibility?

  It is a statement by judges that a law is incompatible with the Human Rights Act.
• What is the significance of the case Sijos v Moore 1975?

  It established the principle of judicial immunity in criminal and civil cases.
• What is the purpose of judicial training?

  Judicial training ensures judges are updated on major legal changes and human rights issues.
• What are the key qualities required for a judge according to the JAC?

  Judges need intellectual capacity, personal qualities, and communication skills.
• What is the role of a District Judge?

  A District Judge requires at least 5 years of experience and handles various cases.
• What is the role of the Judicial Council?

  The Judicial Council trains judges and oversees their development.
• What is the significance of the Human Rights Act 1998?

  The Human Rights Act 1998 protects individuals' rights and allows for declarations of incompatibility.
• How does the independence of the judiciary affect its function?

  Judicial independence ensures judges can make decisions free from political influence.