Core topics

• What are fossil fuels formed from?

  The remains of dead plants and animals
• How long do fossil fuels take to form?

  Millions of years
• Why are fossil fuels considered finite resources?

  They cannot be replaced as they run out
• What are the three main types of fossil fuels?

  • Coal
  • Gas
  • Oil
• What is an advantage of fossil fuels regarding energy production?

  A small amount of fuel creates large amounts of energy
• What is a safety advantage of fossil fuels?

  Fuel is very safe and stable to transport and use
• What is a major disadvantage of burning fossil fuels?

  CO2 is produced, causing pollution and contributing to global warming
• What is a limitation of fossil fuel supply?

  The supply is limited and will eventually run out as demand increases
• How is nuclear power generated?

  In nuclear power plants through fission in a nuclear reactor
• What is created from the fission process in a nuclear reactor?

  A high energy source of heat
• What does the steam generated in a nuclear power plant do?

  Drives a turbine to generate electricity
• What are the advantages of nuclear power?

  • The process is clean and efficient
  • Power plants don't need a lot of space
  • It is a reliable source of energy
• What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power?

  The waste created is radioactive
• What can happen if there is a leak in a nuclear power plant?

  It can create serious damage to the environment and life forms
• What is renewable energy created from?

  Natural sources that can be replenished
• How do renewable resources differ from fossil fuels?

  Renewable resources can be replaced as they run out
• What is a benefit of renewable energy?

  It is a cleaner way to create energy
• What are the main types of renewable energy?

  • Wind
  • Solar
  • Tidal
  • Hydro-electrical
  • Biomass
• What is a disadvantage of wind power?

  Wind turbines will only work in windy conditions
• What is another disadvantage of wind turbines?

  They can disturb or harm wildlife
• What is a characteristic of wind turbines?

  They are large and some people do not like how they look
• How do wind turbines generate electricity?

  They use a generator to convert movement from the wind
• Where can wind turbines be used?

  In wind farms or on private land
• What do photovoltaic cells do?

  Convert energy from the sun's rays into electricity
• Where can photovoltaic cells be used?

  In solar farms or on private houses
• What is a disadvantage of photovoltaic cells?

  They are expensive to set up
• What is an advantage of photovoltaic cells?

  They need little maintenance
• What is tidal power generated from?

  The movement of turbines in the water from tides or waves
• What is a characteristic of tidal power?

  It is a very consistent and predictable form of renewable energy
• What is a disadvantage of tidal power?

  It is expensive to build
• What is another disadvantage of tidal power?

  It can disturb or harm sea life
• How is hydro-electrical power (HEP) generated?

  By controlling the flow of water out of a reservoir with a dam
• What happens as water flows out of the reservoir in HEP?

  It turns turbines that generate electricity
• How is the reservoir refilled in HEP?

  When it rains or when water can be pumped back in
• What is a disadvantage of hydro-electrical power (HEP)?

  It can disturb or harm wildlife
• What is another disadvantage of HEP?

  It is expensive to build
• What is a disadvantage of biomass energy?

  Burning biomass creates carbon emissions
• What is a potential issue with farming biomass crops?

  It can lead to deforestation and harm wildlife
• What is another issue with biomass farming?

  It can reduce food crop production in scarce areas
• What is a disadvantage of using water for biomass crops?

  It can use water in areas where it may be scarce