filtration and crystallisation

• What are physical separation techniques used for?

  To separate mixtures
• Can physical separation techniques be used to separate elements in a compound?

  No, they cannot separate elements in a compound
• What is one example of a chemical reaction used to separate elements in compounds?

  Reduction
• What does filtration separate?

  An insoluble solid from a liquid
• What does the term 'insoluble' mean?

  It means the solid will not dissolve in the liquid
• What is the state symbol for a solid?

  S
• What is the state symbol for a liquid?

  L
• What happens to silver chloride when mixed with water?


  It does not dissolve
• How do you separate silver chloride from water?


  By using filtration
• What is the process of filtration?

  • Pour mixture into filter paper
  • Liquid passes through, called the filtrate
  • Solid is trapped in the filter paper
• What is crystallization used for?

  To separate a soluble solid from a liquid
• What happens when sodium chloride is mixed with water?


  Sodium chloride dissolves to form a solution
• What does the state symbol aq represent?

  It means the substance is dissolved in water
• What occurs when the sodium chloride solution is left for a few days?

  The water evaporates, leaving behind crystals of sodium chloride
• How can crystallization be sped up?


  By gently heating the solution
• Why should some chemicals not be heated during crystallization?


  They may break down if heated
• What are the key differences between filtration and crystallization?


  • Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids
  • Crystallization separates soluble solids from liquids