Jean-Francois lyotard’s postmodern theories

• Who is Jean Francois Lyotard?

  He was a French philosopher known for his ideas about post-modernism.
• What does Lyotard mean by "incredulity towards meta-narratives"?

  It refers to disbelief in the grand narratives that are commonly accepted as conventional.
• What are meta-narratives or grand narratives?

  They are narratives or ideas that are widely accepted as conventional or normal.
• Can you give an example of a meta-narrative?

  A common meta-narrative is the idea that young people are aggressive and lazy.
• How do traditional media products perpetuate meta-narratives?

  They often present narratives that reinforce conventional ideas, such as through newspapers.
• What does Lyotard suggest about post-modern texts?

  They tear up meta-narratives and create new narratives that challenge old ideas.
• What term does Lyotard use for new narratives that emerge in post-modernism?

  Localized or micro narratives.
• What is the significance of plurality of voices in post-modernism?

  It allows more people to contribute their ideas and create diverse narratives.
• How does the incident involving George Floyd illustrate Lyotard's concept of micro narratives?

  • The meta-narrative portrayed him as aggressive and a criminal.
  • Darnella Frazier's video provided a different perspective.
  • Her footage showed illegal restraint and refusal of medical treatment.
  • This exemplifies how micro narratives can challenge dominant narratives.
• How does the film JoJo Rabbit challenge meta-narratives about Hitler and the Nazi party?

  • It portrays Hitler as a silly, comic imaginary friend.
  • It presents some Nazi party members in a sympathetic light.
  • This subverts traditional narratives about the Nazi regime.
• How does the Netflix series Kaleidoscope challenge traditional narrative structures?

  • It allows audiences to choose the order of episodes.
  • This breaks the conventional linear narrative format.
  • Viewers can experience the story in a non-linear fashion.
• What is the typical meta-narrative in music videos?

  They usually avoid showing the camera and behind-the-scenes elements.
• How does Ed Sheeran and Justin Bieber's song "I Don't Care" challenge typical music video conventions?

  It shows behind-the-scenes elements like green screens and casual attire.
• What does Lyotard say about objective truth in media?

  He believes there is no objective truth or facts within the media.
• How does Lyotard view post-modernism in relation to historical time periods?

  He believes it is not just a historical period but has always existed in some form.
• What concepts does Lyotard associate with post-modernism?

  He associates it with uncertainty and relativism.
• What are the key ideas of Lyotard's theory on post-modernism?

  • Incredulity towards meta-narratives.
  • Emergence of localized or micro narratives.
  • Plurality of voices in media.
  • No objective truth in media.
  • Post-modernism as a continuous concept, not just historical.