Study 1

• prediction?

  students' mindsets would correlate with the grades they acheived
• study type?

  longitudinal over 5 years
• sample?

  373 students in 4 successive 7th grade classes in New York
• Method?

  * at start of grade, students completed motivational questionnaire

  * it measured their theory of intelligence and effort, and their response to failure

  * scores from maths tests taken in 7th and 8th grade and compared with test done in 6th grade
• What study found?

  * no correlation between mindset and maths test scores at beginning of 7th grade

  * when tested later on in year, mindset became significant predictor of grades

  * students with growth mindset improved their grades compared to those with fixed mindsets