Network Protocols

• Protocol

  Is a set of rules that two computers use when communicating - sending and receiving data
• What doe protocols ensure?


  Devices produced by different manufactures can be used on the same network
• Ethernet protocol

  The rules governing the communication of devices using a wired connection (ethernet cable)
• Wi-Fi Protocol


  WiFi protocol are the rules governing the communication of devices using a wireless connection
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)


  Provides the rules to be followed between a web browser (client) and a web server regarding the requesting and sending information (web pages)
• HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)


  Provides the rules to be followed regarding the requesting and sending of information using encrypted communication
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol)


  provides the rules about transferring a file to another computer. It is used when a file is too big to attach to an email
• POP3 - Email protocol


  Post Office Protocol v3 is a protocol used to receive emails from an email server to the client on a computer
• IMAP - Email protocols


  Internet Message Access Protocol is an alternative protocol used for accessing emials on an email
• SMTP - Email Protocols


  Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

  is the set of rules followed for sending emails across a network
• TCP/ IP Protocol Stack

  What is TCP/IP?


  (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) is a set of protocols that allows a computer to communicate across a network
• TCP / IP Protocol Stack

  WHta is the application?


  Defines how various services operate. e.g. web browsers and email
• TCP / IP Protocol stack

  Transport


  Establishes a dedicated channel between two devices.

  Divides the data up into packets for transmission.

  Doesn't know what the data is.
• Tcp / IP Protocol Stack

  Network (aka Internet)

  Adds the source and destination IP addresses to each data packet (received from Transport layer) and routes them to the recipient
• TCP / IP Protocol stack

  Link

  Defines how data is transferred from one device to another using, a wired or wireless connection
• What is Packet switching?

  Data transmission method.

  To transfer data (packets) efficiently from one computer to another via the Internet.

  As each data packet travels across the Internet, routers determine the best next step (hop) for the packet to take.

  Routers monitor the 'traffic conditions' and will direct data packets to avoid congestion