Green crime

• Traditional Green Crime

  Situ and Emmons (2000) define environmental crime as “an unauthorised act or omission that violates law”
• Global Risk

  Beck (1992) environmental crimes are the result of manufactured risks. We have created new environmental risks through our use of technology and manufacturing.
• Transgressive Green Crime

  Rob White (2008) ‘any action that harms the physical environment and any creatures that live within it, even if no law has technically been broken’
• What’s are the two words linking to whites transgressive green crime ?

  -Eco-centric - Damage to the environment is damage to the other species as well putting human race at risk in the future.

  -Anthropocentric - Humans have the right to exploit the environment and other species for their own benefit.
• What’s primary crime ( south) ?

  Primary Crime - Direct result of the destruction and degradation of the planets resources for example Air Pollution,Deforestation,Species Decline,Animal Abuse and Water Pollution
• What’s secondary care (south)?

  Crimes that are a result of flouting existing laws and regulations for example State Crimes against environmental groups, Hazardous waster disposable and  Environmental Discrimination
• What are the perpetrators (wolf) ?

  1. Individuals

  ◦ Cumulative effect

  2. Private businesses ◦ Corporate crime

  3. States and Governments

  ◦ The military are the biggest

  institutional polluter. 

  4. Organised Crime

  ◦ In collusion with governments and industry for contracts to do with waste disposal.
• Who are the victims (potter) ?

  “Current social divisions are reinforced by environmental harm”
• How is green crime linked to globalization?

  -The planet is a single ecosystem.

  -Green crime is carried out by powerful interests, particularly transnational corporations
• Why is it difficult policing green crime?

  1.Very few local or international laws governing the state of the environment.

  2. International laws are difficult to construct.

  3. Laws that exist are shaped by powerful capitalists interests.
• Evaluation of green criminology

  • It is very difficult to study green crime as there is not an agreed definition.

  • It is also difficult to assess the impact of green crime as it can be a long term impact.

  • Much of the research is based on case studies.

  • Green crime can be accompanied by greater value judgements due to a lack of agreed definitions.