PassMed

• Consider cardiac tamponade in elevated JVP, persistent hypotension and tachycardia despite fluid resuscitation in a patient with chest wall trauma.
• The most common organism causing infective exacerbations of COPD is Haemophilus influenzae.
• Hypercalcaemia: painful bones, renal stones, abdominal groans and psychic moans
• Staphylococcus aureus is commonly associated with infective endocarditis amongst IVDU.
• A right coronary infarct supplies the AV node so can cause arrhythmias after infarction.
• What leads will have changes if the LAD is occluded?


  V1-V4
• What leads will have changes if the right coronary artery is occluded?


  II

  III

  aVF
• What leads will have changes if the proximal left anterior descending is occluded?


  V1-6

  I

  aVL
• What leads will have changes if the left circumflex is occluded?


  I

  aVL

  Possibly V5-6
• Pericarditis can arise secondary to malignancy
• Hypotension will occur in tension pneumothoraces as a result of cardiac outflow obstruction
• ACS management: nitrates should be used with caution if the patient is hypotensive
• Narrow complex tachycardia


  Supraventricular tachycardia
• Warfarin is still used in preference to DOACs for patients with mechanical heart valves
• New LBBB is always pathological and never normal
• Hypertension in diabetics - ACE inhibitors/A2RBs are first-line regardless of age
• Aortic stenosis - most common cause:

  • younger patients < 65 years: bicuspid aortic valve
  • older patients > 65 years: calcification
• What is the gold standard investigation for aortic dissection?


  CT angiogram
• What is the a feature of severe aortic stenosis?


  Absent S2 heart sound
• What is the treatment of bradycardia with haemodynamic compromise?


  Atropine