History-Cold war-Germany

• What was the Berlin Blockade year?

  1948
• What was the purpose of dividing Germany and Berlin into four zones?

  To create a temporary arrangement until a stable government could be established
• What were the main disagreements between the Western and Eastern zones of Germany?

  The West wanted to boost industry and re-establish democracy, while the East had low living standards and a communist government
• When did talks about the future of Germany break down?

  December 1947
• How did the Berlin Blockade affect tensions between the East and West?

  Tensions increased due to Stalin's anger over Trizonia and the new currency
• What was the significance of the formation of Bizonia in 1947?

  It represented the merging of the USA and Britain's zones, escalating tensions with the Soviet Union
• What new currency was introduced in Trizonia?

  The Deutschemark
• How did Stalin react to the changes in Germany?

  He believed the West was conspiring against him
• What action did Stalin take in June 1948 regarding West Berlin?

  He ordered all land routes into West Berlin to be closed
• What was the outcome of the Berlin Airlift?

  The West supplied West Berliners with essential supplies
• How much food was supplied during the Berlin Airlift at its peak?

  1,000 tonnes of supplies every day
• How did the Berlin Airlift affect the perception of leaders?

  Stalin appeared weak while Truman appeared strong
• What was the Berlin Ultimatum issued by Khrushchev in 1958?

  Khrushchev demanded the withdrawal of Western troops from Berlin and recognition of East Germany
• What was the impact of the refugee crisis on the USSR's image?

  It made the USSR appear weak, prompting Khrushchev to act
• What was the outcome of the summits held between 1959 and 1961?

  They resulted in increased tensions, especially during the Paris summit
• What happened during the Vienna summit in June 1961?

  Kennedy was unwilling to compromise, and Khrushchev reinstated the Berlin ultimatum
• What was the significance of the Berlin Wall built in August 1961?

  It ended the refugee crisis without further bloodshed
• How did Kennedy's Berlin speech relate to the wall?

  It emphasized the wall as a tool for avoiding open war
• What are the key events leading to the Berlin Wall's construction?

  • Refugee crisis leads to Berlin Ultimatum
  • Berlin Ultimatum leads to summits
  • Summits failing leads to the wall
• What were the consequences of the Berlin Blockade and Airlift?

  • Increased tensions between East and West
  • Stalin appeared weak, Truman appeared strong
  • Established the importance of air supply in crises
• What were the outcomes of the summits held between 1959 and 1961?

  • Geneva: No agreement, but some progress
  • Camp David: No agreement, Berlin ultimatum withdrawn
  • Paris: Increased tensions due to spy plane incident
  • Vienna: Khrushchev reinstated the Berlin ultimatum