CHAPTER 1

• Humanities came from the Latin word "humanus". which means, human, cultured and refined.
• "Man is the measure of all things," according to Protagoras (481-411 BCE), an ancient Greek philosopher.
• Humanities studies man and the manner in which he conduct himself from the time of his existence to the present (Martin & Jacobus, 2004).
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities

  Human nature is inherently good.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities

  Individuals are free and are capable of making choices.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities


  Human potential for growth and development is virtually unlimited.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities


  Self-concept plays an important role in growth and development.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities

  Individuals have an urge for self-actualization.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities

  Individuals have a responsibility to both themselves and to others.
• Fundamental Principles of the Humanities

  Reality is defined by each person
• The word art etymologically comes from the Argan root ar, which means to join: or put together.
• The Latin term sars, artis, mean everything that is artificially made or composed by man.
• Two Ideas of Arts According to Plato

  1. Art is Dangerous
  2. Art is Imitation
• Functional Arts Form

  Architecture

  Weaving

  Furniture-Making
• Non-Functional Art Forms

  Painting

  Sculpture

  Dance
• The human need for expression. This seems to be built-in the human psyche: this need to express, to show, to exhibit what is hidden in man's inner world.
• The social need for display, celebration and communication. It is not enough for man to express his inner world through his art, he needs to share and convey it to others too.
• Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste.
• Realism. This depicts the artist's attempt of portraying the subject as it is.
• Naturalism. In Greek (Hellenistic) art, gods and heroes, looked and behaved like human beings.
• Abstraction. Abstract means "to move away or to separate from."
• Distortion. This form of abstraction results when the figures have been so arranged that its proportions differ significantly from reality.
• Elongation. In this type of abstraction, the subject is stretched vertically and or some parts lengthened to give the impression of thinness.
• Mangling. This may not be so common in paintings but may be popular in other art forms (sculpture, theatre and film).