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What is the definition of anatomy?
Anatomy
is the study of the
structure
and
shape
of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another.
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What are the main types of anatomy?
Gross or
macroscopic
anatomy
Microscopic
anatomy
Developmental
anatomy
Pathological
anatomy
Imaging
anatomy
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What does gross or macroscopic anatomy study?
It studies the
larger
parts of the body which are easily
observable
structures.
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What is regional anatomy?
Regional anatomy studies all
structures
in one part of the body, such as the
abdomen
or leg.
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What is systemic anatomy?
Systemic anatomy studies the
gross
anatomy of the body by
system.
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What does surface anatomy focus on?
Surface anatomy focuses on
internal structures
as they relate to the overlying skin.
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What is microscopic anatomy?
Microscopic anatomy is the study of body structures that are
too small
to be seen with the
naked eye.
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What is cytology?
Cytology is the study of
cells
.
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What is histology?
Histology is the study of
tissues
.
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What is developmental anatomy?
Developmental anatomy studies the
growth
and development changes in the body as we grow.
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What does embryology study?
Embryology studies the developmental changes of the body
before
birth.
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What is pathological anatomy?
Pathological anatomy studies structural changes associated with
disease
.
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What is imaging anatomy?
Imaging anatomy involves body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as
x-rays
,
MRI
, and
CT scans
.
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What is physiology?
Physiology is the study of how the body and its parts
work
or
function.
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What does renal physiology focus on?
Renal physiology focuses on
kidney
function.
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What does cardiovascular physiology study?
Cardiovascular physiology studies the function of the
heart
and
blood vessels
.
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What is neurophysiology?
Neurophysiology studies the functional properties of
nerve cells
.
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What does endocrinology study?
Endocrinology studies
hormones
and how they control body functions.
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What is exercise physiology?
Exercise physiology studies changes in
cell
and organ functions due to
muscular
activity.
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What is pathophysiology?
Pathophysiology studies functional changes associated with
disease
and
aging
.
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What is the principle of complementary in anatomy and physiology?
The
principle
of
complementary
states that anatomy and physiology are
inseparable
, where
structure
determines
function.
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How does structure determine function in the heart?
The heart is
muscular
, allowing it to contract effectively.
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Why do lungs have a thin layer?
Lungs have a thin layer to facilitate the exchange of
oxygen
and
carbon dioxide
.
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What are the levels of structural organization in the human body?
Atomic
level
Molecular
level
Chemical
level
Cellular
level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ system
level
Organismal
level
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What is the atomic level in structural organization?
The atomic level is the
building blocks
of matter and the smallest unit of an
element
.
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What is the molecular level in structural organization?
The molecular level involves a group of
atoms
.
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What is the cellular level in structural organization?
The cellular level is the basic
unit
of life and the
smallest
unit of life.
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What is epithelial tissue?
Epithelial tissue covers
body surfaces
, lines hollow organs and cavities, and forms glands.
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What is connective tissue?
Connective tissue connects, supports, and protects
body organs
while distributing blood vessels to other tissues.
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What is muscular tissue?
Muscular tissue contracts to make body parts move and generates heat.
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What is nervous tissue?
Nervous tissue carries information from one part of the body to another through
nerve impulses
.
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What is the organ level in structural organization?
The organ level is a combination of two or more types of
tissues
that have the same functions.
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What is the organ system level in structural organization?
The organ system level is a group of
organs
that have varying functions.
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What is the organismal level in structural organization?
The
organismal level
consists of several
organ systems
that
function
together to form one
organism.
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What are the body systems and their functions?
Integumentary
system: protects and waterproofs the body.
Reproductive
system: produces offspring and secretes hormones.
Urinary
system: releases nitrogenous waste and maintains acid-base balance.
Respiratory
system: gas exchange and oxygen supply.
Digestive
system: breakdown of foods into absorbable nutrients.
Lymphatic
system: complements cardiovascular system and houses WBC.
Endocrine
system: secretes hormones regulating body processes.
Circulatory
system: blood transport and nutrient delivery.
Nervous
system: main control system and responds to environment.
10.
Muscular
system: contraction and movement.
11.
Skeletal
system: supports and protects body organs.
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What is the function of the integumentary system?
The integumentary system
waterproofs
the body and protects
deeper
tissues from injury.
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What is the primary function of the reproductive system?
The reproductive system is responsible for the production of
offspring
.
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What does the urinary system do?
The urinary system releases
nitrogenous waste
and maintains
acid-base balance
.
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What is the function of the respiratory system?
The respiratory system is responsible for
gas exchange
and keeping blood supplied with
oxygen
.
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What is the primary function of the digestive system?
The digestive system breaks down foods into absorbable
nutrients
.
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