Psychological therapy

• Psychological therapy -

  Family Therapy-

  • Pharoah - 2010 - alliance between family members + therapist = reduced stress, improved stability/solving, reduced anger/gulit
  • Aimed to reduce the stress/improve communication within the family
  • Modern approach - focused on reducing relapse risk (mainly expressed emotion)
  • Expressions reduced through the families beliefs and attitudes to SZ improving
  • Helps reduce the patients stress/EE to increase the chance of medication = less likely to relapse
• Psychological therapy -

  Family therapy - evaluations

  S- McFarlane (2016)- reduced relapse by 50-60%

  S- clinical advice of NICE - recommended

  S- Lobban + Barrowclough - benefits the whole family + surrounding negative impact

  W- not suitable for all families - abusive

  W- only reduces stress, not symptoms
• Psychological therapy-

  CBT-

  • assumed SZ is from a faulty cognition
  • 5-10 1 to 1 or group sessions
  • cognitive- treats positive symptoms via dealing with triggers + management
  • behavioural- treats negative symptoms via relaxation techniques + social behaviours + distractions
  • comforts patient by showing the causation of SZ - reinforces they’re not crazy, reduces the intrusive symptoms + increased self-awareness
  • engagement with alternate explanations - tests beliefs + shows an outside perspective/reality
• Psychological therapy-

  CBT - ABCDE model-

  • Activation event - assessed thoughts, symptoms, goals - stress-diathesis model
  • Beliefs - identified + client becomes scientist = reality
  • Consequences - effects of symptoms
  • Disputed delusions - empirical/logically vigorous argument - patient becomes scientist - makes sense of delusions/hallucinations
  • Effect - reconstructed beliefs + normalisation = less extreme symptoms + reduced stress
• Psychological therapy-

  CBT - evaluations -

  S- effective for +/- symptoms- 44% minimal 13% massive improved

  W- Alternative therapies - art therapy provides a creative outlet - reducing stress + not going against patients beliefs

  W- not a cure - improves life quality, makes it manageable

  W- 5-10 sessions - extensive + invasive compared to drug therapy + time consuming

  W- therapist controls patients views = confronting/damaging