Upper Limb

• What are the main bones of the upper limb?

  Humerus, Radius, Ulna

  
• What is the function of the interosseous membrane?

  It connects the radius and ulna and provides stability
• What type of joint is the elbow joint?

  Synovial joint
• What are the three articulating surfaces of the elbow joint?

  Humero-radial, Humero-ulnar, Proximal radio-ulnar
• What is the primary movement allowed by the humero-ulnar joint?

  Flexion and extension
• What is the role of the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

  It allows rotation for pronation and supination
• Name the major muscles of the arm.

  Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Triceps brachii
• What are the two main groups of muscles in the forearm?

  Flexors and Extensors
• What is a common feature of muscles within a compartment?

  They generally have a common function, blood supply, and innervation
• What are the borders and features of the cubital fossa?

  • Triangular depression anterior to the elbow
  • Lateral border: brachioradialis
  • Medial border: pronator teres
  • Superior border (base): epicondylar line (on humerus)
  • Roof: Skin, fascia, aponeurosis of biceps brachii
  • Important site for venipuncture
• What is the significance of the cubital fossa?

  It is an important site for venipuncture
• What are the main arteries of the upper limb?

  Brachiocephalic trunk, Subclavian artery, Axillary artery, Brachial artery, Radial artery, Ulnar artery, Palmar arches, Digital arteries
• What are the two pulse points in the upper limb?

  Brachial and radial pulse points
• What are the superficial veins of the upper limb?

  Basilic vein, Cephalic vein

  
• What is the typical vein used for venipuncture in the cubital fossa?

  Median cubital vein

  
• What is the brachial plexus?

  A network of nerves in the upper limb

  
• What are the anterior rami involved in the brachial plexus?

  C5-T1
• What are the main nerves of the upper limb?

  • Axillary nerve
  • Musculocutaneous nerve
  • Radial nerve
  • Ulnar nerve
  • Median nerve

  
• What are the key terms related to vascular anatomy in the upper limb?

  • Anastamosis
  • Collateral circulation
• What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?

  The axial skeleton includes the skull and spine, while the appendicular skeleton includes limbs