Sum

• What is biodiversity?

  Biological diversity refers to the varieties of life on Earth.
• Why is biodiversity important?

  Biodiversity provides us with food, clean water, and helps in nutrient cycling.
• How does biodiversity help in pest control?

  Biodiversity acts as a regulator for pest control.
• In what way does biodiversity protect against flooding?

  Biodiversity helps in protecting against flooding.
• What role does biodiversity play in pollination?

  Biodiversity helps in pollination.
• How does biodiversity contribute to crop production?

  Biodiversity aids in crop production.
• What are the economic benefits of biodiversity?

  Biodiversity provides various economic benefits.
• What is the aim of classification in biology?

  The aim of classification is to determine similarities and differences among organisms.
• What does taxonomy study?

  Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with identification, naming, and classification of organisms.
• What is systematics in biology?

  Systematics is the scientific study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships.
• Who was Aristotle and what did he contribute to classification?


  Aristotle classified organisms based on habitat.
• Who was Abu Usamen Al Jahiz and what did he describe?

  Abu Usamen Al Jahiz described 350 species of animals.
• What did Andrea Caesalpine contribute to classification?

  Andrea Caesalpine classified plants into 15 groups.
• What was Tournefort's contribution to classification?

  Tournefort introduced the concept of classifying species.
• Who is Carolus Linnaeus and what is he known for?

  Carolus Linnaeus is known for developing a system for naming organisms based on similarities.
• What are the main historical figures in the classification of organisms and their contributions?

  • Aristotle: Classified organisms based on habitat.
  • Abu Usamen Al Jahiz: Described 350 species of animals.
  • Andrea Caesalpine: Classified plants into 15 groups.
  • Tournefort: Introduced the concept of classifying species.
  • Carolus Linnaeus: Developed a system for naming organisms based on similarities.
• Who is the author of the classification system mentioned in the study material?

  Carolus Linnaeus
• What are the three domains of life according to the study material?

  Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
• What is the primary characteristic of organisms in the kingdom Plantae?

  They are autotrophic
• What distinguishes the kingdom Protista from Plantae and Animalia?

  Protista includes unicellular organisms
• Who proposed the five-kingdom system of classification?

  Robert Whittaker
• What is the main component of the cell wall in bacteria?

  Peptidoglycan
• What type of organisms are classified as prokaryotes?

  Bacteria and Archaea
• What is a unique feature of Archaea compared to Bacteria?

  They have unique RNA
• What type of nutrition do fungi primarily exhibit?

  Saprotrophic
• What is the term used to describe organisms that can withstand extreme environments?

  Extremophiles
• What are the three types of extremophiles mentioned in the study material?

  Thermoacidophiles, Halophiles, Methanogens
• What is the significance of rRNA in classification?

  It is unique from other organisms
• What is the main difference in cell walls between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  Prokaryotes have peptidoglycan, eukaryotes do not
• What type of organisms are classified as eukaryotes?

  Organisms with a true nucleus
• What is the primary mode of reproduction in fungi?

  Asexual and sexual reproduction
• What is the role of saprotrophic organisms in the ecosystem?

  They act as decomposers
• How does the classification of organisms into domains differ from the five-kingdom system?

  The domain system is broader and includes Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
• What are the characteristics of the kingdom Fungi?

  • Eukaryotic organisms
  • Mostly multicellular (except yeasts)
  • Cell walls made of chitin
  • Heterotrophic and saprotrophic
  • Reproduce via spores
• What are the characteristics of the kingdom Plantae?

  • Eukaryotic organisms
  • Multicellular
  • Cell walls made of cellulose
  • Autotrophic (photosynthetic)
  • Reproduce sexually and asexually
• What are the characteristics of the kingdom Protista?

  • Mostly unicellular (some colonial)
  • Eukaryotic organisms
  • Aquatic habitats
  • Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic
  • Includes protozoa and algae
• What are the characteristics of the kingdom Animalia?

  • Eukaryotic organisms
  • Multicellular
  • No cell walls
  • Heterotrophic
  • Reproduce sexually and asexually
• What are the main differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  • Prokaryotes: No true nucleus, smaller size, peptidoglycan cell walls
  • Eukaryotes: True nucleus, larger size, varied cell wall composition
• What is the significance of the domain system in biological classification?

  • Provides a higher taxonomic rank
  • Classifies organisms based on fundamental differences
  • Includes three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya