relationships

• What is the focus of the evolutionary explanations for partner preferences?

  The relationship between sexual selection and human reproductive behaviour
• What does the evolutionary approach explain about human behaviour?

  It explains behaviour in terms of adaptiveness and reproductive success
• What are the two types of selection discussed in evolutionary explanations?

  Natural selection and sexual selection
• How does sexual selection influence human reproductive behaviour?

  It affects partner preferences and mating strategies
• What is anisogamy?

  Differences between male and female sex cells
• How do male and female sex cells differ in terms of production?

  Male sex cells are produced in large quantities and continuously, while female sex cells are produced in limited numbers and take more energy
• Why might males adopt a strategy of mating with multiple partners?

  To increase the chances of passing on their genes
• What do females look for in a partner according to evolutionary explanations?

  Commitment and resources to ensure the child's survival
• What did Buss (1989) find regarding female partner preferences?

  Females place more importance on resource-related characteristics
• What do males prefer in female partners according to Buss (1989)?

  Males prefer younger mates and value signs of reproductive ability
• Why do males experience more jealousy over sexual infidelity?

  Because it could result in raising another man's child
• What is inter-sexual selection often referred to as?

  Female choice
• Why do females need to be careful when choosing a partner?

  Because they invest more time, energy, and resources in raising a child
• What did Clark and Hatfield (1989) demonstrate about female choosiness?

  Females are much less likely to accept casual sexual invitations compared to males
• What does intra-sexual selection refer to?

  The competition between males for access to female mates
• How does physical dimorphism relate to sexual selection?

  It explains the differences in body size and appearance between males and females
• What is the optimal mating strategy for males according to anisogamy?

  To mate with as many female partners as possible
• What do males pay attention to in females to assess fertility?

  Signs of health and youth
• What waist-to-hip ratio do men find attractive according to Singh (1993, 2002)?

  A ratio of approximately 0.7
• What do women look for in male partners according to Waynforth and Dunbar (1995)?

  Signs of resources and protection
• What limitation do evolutionary explanations have regarding social changes?

  They ignore significant social and cultural changes in gender roles
• What methodological weakness is noted in evolutionary psychology research?

  Studies often rely on undergraduate students, limiting generalizability
• What does evolutionary reductionism imply in mate selection?

  It suggests that mate choice is solely based on genetic inheritance
• What is alpha bias in the context of evolutionary explanations?

  It exaggerates the differences between male and female mate preferences
• What do males and females generally look for in a partner according to evolutionary explanations?

  Males look for youth and attractiveness, while females look for resources and stability
• How do female mate preferences change across the menstrual cycle according to Penton-Voak et al. (1999)?

  Females prefer masculine features during their fertile period and feminized features for long-term mates
• What is the relationship between sexual selection and human reproductive behaviour?

  Sexual selection influences mate choice and reproductive strategies
• What is one limitation of the sexual selection explanation of partner preferences?

  It may oversimplify the complexities of human mate choice
• What is the significance of Buss's findings in 1989 regarding partner preferences?

  It highlights universal patterns in male and female mate preferences
• How does the evolutionary explanation account for homosexual relationships?

  It struggles to explain mate choice that does not lead to reproductive success
• What does the term 'determinism' imply in evolutionary explanations of relationships?

  It suggests that mate choice is determined by gender and reproductive roles
• What is the role of cultural and social norms in mate selection?

  Cultural and social norms can influence partner preferences beyond evolutionary factors
• What is the importance of evaluating evolutionary explanations for partner preferences?

  It helps to understand the limitations and complexities of human relationships
• What are the key components of the evolutionary explanations for partner preferences?

  • Natural selection
  • Sexual selection
  • Anisogamy
  • Inter-sexual selection
  • Intra-sexual selection
  • Mates' choice
• What are the main differences in mating strategies between males and females?

  • Males: seek quantity, mate with multiple partners
  • Females: seek quality, prefer committed partners with resources
• What are the implications of Buss's research on partner preferences?

  • Females prioritize resource-related traits
  • Males prioritize youth and reproductive signs
• What are the limitations of evolutionary explanations for partner preferences?

  • Ignore social and cultural changes
  • Methodological weaknesses in research
  • Oversimplification of mate choice complexities
• How do evolutionary explanations account for differences in male and female mate preferences?

  • Males: focus on physical attractiveness and youth
  • Females: focus on resources and stability
• What is the age range of the woman Simon is looking for in his advert?

  25-30 years old
• What personality trait does Simon desire in the woman he is looking for?

  A bubbly personality