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Sociology Key Concepts
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Cards (56)
What are norms in sociology?
Norms are unwritten rules of society that dictate
expected
behaviors
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Can you give an example of a norm in the UK?
Eating with a
knife and fork
during dinner
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How do values differ from norms?
Values are
beliefs
and ideas about how we should live, while norms are
behaviors
we follow
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What are some examples of traditional British values?
Respect, tolerance, freedom, and equality
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What is culture in sociology?
Culture is the collection of
norms
,
values
,
customs
, and
traditions
shared by a society
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What are some examples of traditional aspects of British culture?
Football matches
at 3 PM,
Sunday roasts
, and fish and chips on
Fridays
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What does identity refer to in sociology?
Identity
is how you
see
yourself and how others
perceive
you
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What does the acronym CAGE stand for in relation to identity?
Class
,
Age
,
Gender
, and
Ethnicity
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What is a role in sociology?
A
role
is a part or
job
that an
individual
plays
in
society
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What can happen when roles conflict?
Individuals
may feel uncertain about how to behave in different situations
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What is status in sociology?
Status is the level of importance or
prestige
someone has in society
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What is the difference between ascribed status and achieved status?
Ascribed
status is given at
birth
, while
achieved
status is earned through
effort
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Who is an example of someone with ascribed status?
The Queen of England
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What is socialization?
Socialization
is the process through which we learn the
norms
and values of our society
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What are the agents of socialization?
Family
Peer groups
Media
Religion
Workplace
Education
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What is primary socialization?
Primary socialization is taught by the
family
during early
childhood
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What is secondary socialization?
Secondary socialization occurs after early
childhood
and involves other influences
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What role does education play in socialization according to Parsons?
Education
acts
as
a
bridge
between
family
and
wider society
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How does the media influence socialization?
The media influences socialization through
role models
and behaviors that are
imitated
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What are the three ways the media can socialize individuals?
Influencing
role models
Imitating
behaviors
Shaping opinions and beliefs
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What is the significance of role models in media socialization?
Role models in media can influence
behaviors
and preferences
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How can individuals imitate behaviors from the media?
By adopting the
styles
,
language
, or habits of
admired
figures
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What is the impact of media on rural communities?
Media
influences
behaviors and trends even in rural areas
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What are some examples of media that can socialize individuals?
TV
,
newspapers
,
magazines
,
books
,
radio
, and
music
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How can role models in the media influence individuals?
They can affect what individuals like and how they
behave
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If someone imitates a musician's behavior, what does this demonstrate?
They are influenced by the
media
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How does media representation affect perceptions of different social groups?
It
shapes
feelings
and
attitudes
towards
those
groups
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What is the formal curriculum in education?
The
lessons
taught
in
school
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What is the hidden curriculum in schools?
Lessons learned that are not part of
formal education
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Why are sports days held in schools?
To encourage
competition
among students
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What is a positive sanction in an educational context?
A reward for good
behavior
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What is a negative sanction in education?
A punishment for
inappropriate
behavior
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How can peer groups influence behavior?
Through
role models
and
peer pressure
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What are informal sanctions in peer groups?
Consequences like
shunning
or exclusion from social activities
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What are gender roles?
Characteristics and behaviors associated with
boys
and
girls
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What is canalization in gender socialization?
Channeling
children
towards
specific
toys
and
behaviors
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How does manipulation differ from canalization in gender socialization?
Manipulation
involves
encouragement
of
certain
behaviors
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How are gendered subjects represented in schools?
Certain subjects are considered more
male
or
female
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What is the hidden curriculum related to teacher expectations?
Teachers may expect boys to perform certain tasks based on
strength
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How does media representation affect gender roles?
It influences
perceptions
of what roles men and women should play
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