Sociology Key Concepts

    Cards (56)

    • What are norms in sociology?
      Norms are unwritten rules of society that dictate expected behaviors
    • Can you give an example of a norm in the UK?
      Eating with a knife and fork during dinner
    • How do values differ from norms?
      Values are beliefs and ideas about how we should live, while norms are behaviors we follow
    • What are some examples of traditional British values?
      Respect, tolerance, freedom, and equality
    • What is culture in sociology?
      Culture is the collection of norms, values, customs, and traditions shared by a society
    • What are some examples of traditional aspects of British culture?
      Football matches at 3 PM, Sunday roasts, and fish and chips on Fridays
    • What does identity refer to in sociology?
      Identity is how you see yourself and how others perceive you
    • What does the acronym CAGE stand for in relation to identity?
      Class, Age, Gender, and Ethnicity
    • What is a role in sociology?
      A role is a part or job that an individual plays in society
    • What can happen when roles conflict?
      Individuals may feel uncertain about how to behave in different situations
    • What is status in sociology?
      Status is the level of importance or prestige someone has in society
    • What is the difference between ascribed status and achieved status?
      Ascribed status is given at birth, while achieved status is earned through effort
    • Who is an example of someone with ascribed status?
      The Queen of England
    • What is socialization?
      Socialization is the process through which we learn the norms and values of our society
    • What are the agents of socialization?
      • Family
      • Peer groups
      • Media
      • Religion
      • Workplace
      • Education
    • What is primary socialization?
      Primary socialization is taught by the family during early childhood
    • What is secondary socialization?
      Secondary socialization occurs after early childhood and involves other influences
    • What role does education play in socialization according to Parsons?
      Education acts as a bridge between family and wider society
    • How does the media influence socialization?
      The media influences socialization through role models and behaviors that are imitated
    • What are the three ways the media can socialize individuals?
      • Influencing role models
      • Imitating behaviors
      • Shaping opinions and beliefs
    • What is the significance of role models in media socialization?
      Role models in media can influence behaviors and preferences
    • How can individuals imitate behaviors from the media?
      By adopting the styles, language, or habits of admired figures
    • What is the impact of media on rural communities?
      Media influences behaviors and trends even in rural areas
    • What are some examples of media that can socialize individuals?
      TV, newspapers, magazines, books, radio, and music
    • How can role models in the media influence individuals?
      They can affect what individuals like and how they behave
    • If someone imitates a musician's behavior, what does this demonstrate?
      They are influenced by the media
    • How does media representation affect perceptions of different social groups?
      It shapes feelings and attitudes towards those groups
    • What is the formal curriculum in education?
      The lessons taught in school
    • What is the hidden curriculum in schools?
      Lessons learned that are not part of formal education
    • Why are sports days held in schools?
      To encourage competition among students
    • What is a positive sanction in an educational context?
      A reward for good behavior
    • What is a negative sanction in education?
      A punishment for inappropriate behavior
    • How can peer groups influence behavior?
      Through role models and peer pressure
    • What are informal sanctions in peer groups?
      Consequences like shunning or exclusion from social activities
    • What are gender roles?
      Characteristics and behaviors associated with boys and girls
    • What is canalization in gender socialization?
      Channeling children towards specific toys and behaviors
    • How does manipulation differ from canalization in gender socialization?
      Manipulation involves encouragement of certain behaviors
    • How are gendered subjects represented in schools?
      Certain subjects are considered more male or female
    • What is the hidden curriculum related to teacher expectations?
      Teachers may expect boys to perform certain tasks based on strength
    • How does media representation affect gender roles?
      It influences perceptions of what roles men and women should play