geog

• why is the demand for water increasing?

  climate change, increased birth rate and economic development
• what factors affect water availability 


  physical - climate, geology, rainfall

  human - limited infrastructure, poverty, over obstruction and polluted water sources
• what are the impacts of water insecurity 


  pollution and disease - cholera

  food production - crops cannot grow, starvation

  industrial output - highly water intensive, can’t produce products, reduces income

  conflict - countries share water sources, can trigger conflict
• lesotho highland water project

  • transfer water from lesotho (surplus) to South Africa (deficit)
  • +— provides 75% GDP to Lesotho, provides water to an area of uneven rainfall