DR ABC

• What is DR ABC ?

  It is an acronym for the basic steps in first aid.
• What does DR ABC stand for ?

  DR ABC stands for Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.
• what is the meaning of "danger "?


  before approaching the casualty always make sure the area is safe.
• what is the meaning of "response" ?


  check if the casualty is responsive or unresponsive.
• what should you do in the response stage?

  slowly approach the casualty and try to ask questions to get a response e.g are you okay? can you open your eyes?
• how do you know if the casualty is responsive ?


  if the casualty opens their eyes or gives another kind of gesture they are responsive.
• how do you know if a casualty is unresponsive ?


  if they do not respond at all, they need to be treated immediately.
• what is the meaning of "airway" ?


  you need to check that the airway is open and clear.
• how to open the airways ?

  place one hand on their forehead to tilt their head back and use two fingers from the other hand to lift the chin.
• what is the meaning of "breathing" ?


  you need to ensure the patient is breathing.
• how do you ensure the patient is breathing ?

  place your ear above their mouth and look down their chest. listen for sounds of breathing and see if you can feel their breath on your cheek. watch to see if their chest moves.
• what is the meaning of circulation ?


  once you have established they are breathing normally, look and check for any signs of severe bleeding.
• what do you do if the casualty is bleeding severely ? 


  Applying direct pressure to the wound.
• what do you do if the casualty is unresponsive, breathing normally and are not bleeding?

  put them in the recovery position