Reactivity Series

• What is the focus of today's video?

  The reactivity series of metals and their reactions with acids and water
• What do metals have in common regarding their electron arrangement?

  They have electrons in the outermost shell that they want to get rid of
• What does the reactivity of a metal refer to?

  How easily it forms positive ions
• Which group of metals is the most reactive?

  Group 1 metals
• Why are carbon and hydrogen included in the reactivity series?

  As references to compare the metals against
• How do we determine the reactivity of metals?

  By reacting them with acid or water and comparing the speed or violence of the reactions
• What happens when potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  It forms potassium chloride and hydrogen gas
• What is the expected reaction of potassium with hydrochloric acid?

  It reacts explosively, possibly catching fire
• How does the reactivity change as we go down the reactivity series?

  The reactions become less violent
• What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

  A salt and hydrogen gas
• How can we measure the reactivity of metals in a fair test?

  By ensuring the same mass, surface area, and concentration of acid for each metal sample
• What do metals form when they react with water?

  Metal hydroxides and hydrogen
• Which metals do not react with water?

  Zinc, iron, and copper
• What happens when magnesium reacts with iron sulfate?

  Magnesium displaces iron to form magnesium sulfate and iron
• What occurs when copper is added to iron sulfate?

  Nothing happens because copper is less reactive than iron
• What is the reactivity series of metals?

  • A list that ranks metals based on how easily they form positive ions
  • Most reactive: Group 1 metals
  • Less reactive: Group 2 metals
  • Least reactive: Transition metals
• What are the steps to conduct a fair test when comparing metal reactivity?

  1. Use the same mass of each metal sample
  2. Ensure the same surface area for each metal
  3. Use the same type and concentration of acid
• What are the products of a metal reacting with an acid and with water?

  • With acid: Salt and hydrogen gas
  • With water: Metal hydroxides and hydrogen
• What is the significance of displacement reactions in the reactivity series?

  • More reactive metals can displace less reactive ones
  • Example: Magnesium displaces iron in iron sulfate