digestive

Created by

Evelyn Thomas

Cards (29)

What type of digestion occurs in the mouth cavity?
Mechanical digestion by teeth
What is the role of saliva in the mouth cavity?
It chemically digests starch
What do salivary glands produce?
Saliva
What is contained in saliva that aids digestion?
Mucus and the enzyme salivary amylase
What is the function of the tongue in the pharynx?
The tongue pushes food into the pharynx for swallowing
What does the oesophagus do?
It carries food from the mouth to the stomach
How does the oesophagus pass food into the abdominal cavity?
It passes through the diaphragm
What are the two layers of muscle in the oesophagus?
Circular and longitudinal muscle
What is peristalsis?
Wave-like constriction caused by the contraction of successive muscle bands
What role does mucus play in the oesophagus?
It lubricates the inner lining to assist with movement
What type of digestion occurs in the stomach?
Mechanical digestion by churning action
What enzyme begins protein digestion in the stomach?
Pepsin
What does the liver produce?
Bile
Where is bile stored and concentrated?
In the gall bladder
What is the function of bile in the small intestine?
It emulsifies lipids
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile
What regulates the flow of material from the stomach to the duodenum?
The pyloric sphincter
What does the pancreas produce?
Pancreatic juice
What does pancreatic juice contain?
Enzymes for digesting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
What is the duodenum?
The first part of the small intestine
How long is the small intestine?
About 6 m long
What does the lining of the small intestine secrete?
Intestinal juice containing many enzymes
What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
They are for the absorption of digested food
What is the main function of the large intestine?
To absorb water, minerals, and vitamins
What is the caecum?
The first part of the large intestine
What role does the appendix play?
It plays a role in immunity and stores useful bacteria
What is the rectum?
The final part of the large intestine where faeces are formed
What surrounds the anus?
The anal sphincter
What type of control does the anal sphincter have?
Voluntary control