psychodynamic approach

• when did this approach emerge 


  1900’s
• what are the key assumptions of the psychodynamic approach

  behaviour is determined by early childhood experiences

  behaviour is also influenced by things in the unconscious mind

  behaviour is motivated by instinctive urges, sex and aggression
• what did Freud believe about the mind

  believed that it was like an iceberg and most contents are beneath the surface
• what are the 3 “ levels “ of the mind 


  conscious

  preconscious

  unconscious
• what can the pre conscious mind do 


  access both

  it is capable of becoming positive
• what is the role of the unconscious 


  store biological drives, instincts, thoughts and memories that are seen as unacceptable , disturbing and unpleasant
• what happens to theee things in the unconscious mind 


  such things are repressed
• what are a couple of the biological drives 


  sex drive ( libido )

  hunger drive
• what are we unconsciously motivated to do to these urges 


  satisfy them
• what will the need to satisfy these drives influence 


  our behaviour and personality
• what does Freud think to the structure of personality 


  it has 3 components
• what are these 3 components called

  ID

  ego

  superego
• what is the id 


  a mass of our inherited biological drives e. g. libido
• is the ID the only innate part of our personalities 


  yes
• what does it mean if you have something that’s innate 


  your born with it
• what principle does the ID operate on

  pleasure principle
• what is the ID driven by 


  basic selfish desires that demand to be immediately satisfied
• what is the problem with this

  it is entirely ur ration and doesn’t accept that gratifying some impulses is innapropriate
• what is the main function of the ID

  drives us to satisfy urges that are selfish
• what is the id known as 


  the devil
• what is the superego

  internalised sense of right and wrong
• when does the superego develop 


  4 - 5 years old
• what does the superego strive to do 


  uphold moral standards
• what are the main functions of the superego 


  keep moral norms

  attempts to control ID with feelings of guilt

  learning right from wrong
• why does superego develop at sround the age of 5 


  child gains experience of reward and punishment from parents
• what is the superego referred to as 


  the angel
• what does the ego do 


  balance ID and superego

  acts rationally
• when does the ego develop

  around the ages of 2 normally but can be up to 4
• what does the ego use to mediate the ID and super ego 


  logic and planning
• what does the ego act according to 


  the reality principle
• what is the ego often referred to as

  mediator
• how does the ego use logic and planning to mediate

  considers demands of id and moral standards of superego to achieve an acceptable solution to obtaining pleasure
• what happens with the id and the ego in most situations 


  it will suggest opposing responses
• what can happen if the id overpowers the ego and is allowed to dominate 


  results in psychotic disorders
• what does it result in is the superego is allowed to dominate 


  results in neurotic disorders
• what are psychotic disorders characterised by

  a loss of grip on reality
• what are neurotic disorders characterised by

  anxiety and guilt
• what’s an example of a psychotic disorder 


  schizophrenia
• what is an example of a neurotic disorder 


  OCD
• what is a defence mechanism 


  unconscious strategies that are triggered when an individual is faced with a situation that they are unable to deal with