physics

• What is a closed system in physics?

  A system with no net energy change
• What does the conservation of energy law state?

  Energy can be transferred but not created
• How is efficiency defined?

  Useful output energy to total input energy
• What is elastic potential energy?

  Energy stored in stretched or compressed objects
• What are fossil fuels?

  Coal, oil, and gas
• What is gravitational potential energy?

  Energy stored in raised matter
• What is the unit of energy?

  Joule
• How is kinetic energy defined?

  Energy of moving matter
• What does power measure?

  Rate of energy transfer or work done
• What is a renewable energy resource?

  An energy resource that can be replenished
• What is specific heat capacity?

  Energy needed to raise 1kg by 1°C
• What is the spring constant?

  Measure of a spring's stiffness
• What does thermal conductivity indicate?

  Rate of energy transfer via conduction
• What is waste energy?

  Energy not usefully used in a system
• What is the unit of power?

  Watt
• What is work done in physics?

  Energy transferred when a force acts
• What is alternating potential difference?

  Oscillating current flow between positive and negative
• What is the unit of current?

  Amperes (Amps)
• What happens during attraction between charges?

  Opposite charges pull together
• What is a coulomb?

  The unit of charge
• What is a diode?

  Component allowing current in one direction
• What is direct potential difference?

  One-directional current flow
• What is the earth wire?

  Green and yellow striped safety wire
• What are electric field lines?

  Lines showing electric force direction
• What is an electric field?

  Region where charge experiences force
• What is electrical current?

  Rate of flow of electrical charge
• What is electrical work?

  Work done when charge flows in a circuit
• What is a filament lamp?

  Light emitting component with metal filament
• What is insulation in electrical terms?

  Coating preventing electrocution on cables
• What is a light dependent resistor (LDR)?

  Resistance increases as temperature decreases
• What is the live wire's color?

  Brown
• What is mains electricity in the UK?

  A.C. supply of 50Hz and 230V
• What is the neutral wire's color?

  Blue
• What is a non-contact force?

  Force experienced between separated objects
• What is an ohmic conductor?

  Current flow directly proportional to potential difference
• What is the unit of resistance?

  Ohms
• What happens in components connected in parallel?

  Same potential difference across each component
• How is potential difference calculated?

  Resistance multiplied by current flow
• What causes repulsion between charges?

  Like charges brought near each other
• What is resistance?

  Opposition to current flow