multi store model

• iconic 


  see
• gustatory


  taste
• echoic 


  hear
• olfactory 


  smell
• haptic


  feel
• iconic store 


  milliseconds
• echoic store 


  2-3 seconds
• capacity research 


  Sperling 1960
• duration research 


  Walsh and thompson 1978
• coding research

  Cowder 1993
• who devised the multi-store of memory (MSM)


  atkinson and shiffrin (1968)
• coding 


  the different information types the brain uses to store memory
• capacity 


  how much information can be held by a store
• duration 


  how long information can be held in that store before loss
• What is the case study that supports the Multi-Store Model (MSM)?

  The case study of Clive Wearing
• What type of memory loss did Clive Wearing experience after contracting a virus?

  Severe amnesia
• How long could Clive Wearing remember information after the virus?

  7 seconds
• What specific information was Clive Wearing able to recall from his past?

  His wife's name
• What was Clive Wearing unable to do regarding his memory?

  Transfer information from his STM to his LTM
• What does Clive Wearing's case suggest about memory formation?

  Memories are formed by passing information from one store to the next in a linear fashion
• What can damage to any part of the MSM cause?

  Memory impairment
• Who conducted a study that supports the limited capacity of STM?

  Miller (1959)
• What is the limited capacity of STM according to Miller?

  7 +/- 2 chunks of information
• Which study supports the idea of a limited duration in STM?

  Peterson & Peterson (1959)
• What is the approximate duration of STM according to Peterson & Peterson?

  20 seconds
• Which study supports the idea of a lifetime duration in LTM?

  Bahrick (1975)
• What do the studies by Miller, Peterson & Peterson, and Bahrick suggest about the MSM?

  They support the different elements of the MSM
• What does the support from various studies suggest about the MSM?

  It suggests that the model is an accurate representation of human memory
• What does MSM stand for in the context of memory?

  Multi-Store Model
• What does the MSM suggest about memory?

  It suggests that memory is made up of discrete stores.
• What is the approach of the MSM in explaining human memory?

  • Nomothetic approach
  • Aims to create a universal model
  • Explains the process of human memory
• What is an idiographic approach in memory research?

  An idiographic approach uses individual examples to provide a more complex picture of memory.
• How does the MSM exemplify experimental reductionism?

  It explains complex behavior by relying on isolated variables in laboratory experiments.
• What do psychologists argue about reducing memory to isolated variables?

  They argue that it undermines the complexity of human memory.
• What is the definition of duration in the context of memory?

  Duration refers to the length of time information is retained in memory.
• What does coding refer to in memory?

  Coding refers to the way in which information is changed and stored in memory.
• Who created the Multi Store Model of Memory?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin
• In what year was the Multi Store Model of Memory made?

  1968
• What are the main components of the Multi Store Model of Memory?

  • Sensory Register (SR)
  • Short-Term Memory (STM)
  • Long-Term Memory (LTM)
• What is the duration of information in Short-Term Memory (STM)?

  ≤30 seconds