Biological

• What is one advantage of the laboratory method in psychology?

  Controlled environment for experiments
• What is one disadvantage of the laboratory method in psychology?

  Artificial environment may affect behavior
• What ethical dilemmas are associated with Zimbardo’s experiment?

  Issues of consent, psychological harm, and deception
• How would you operationalize a hypothesis for Jason's experiment on sleep deprivation and test scores?

  Hypothesis: Increased sleep deprivation will lead to lower test scores
• What is dopamine often referred to as?

  The feel-good hormone
• What does the biological approach focus on in psychology?

  The physical structures and biological components of thoughts
• What is a key element of the biological approach?

  Neurochemistry
• How do serotonin levels relate to OCD?

  Persons suffering from OCD frequently have lower levels of serotonin
• How do dopamine levels relate to schizophrenia?

  People with schizophrenia have high levels of dopamine
• What are the two types of twins studied in psychology?

  Monozygotic and dizygotic twins
• What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?

  Monozygotic twins share 100% of genes, dizygotic twins share 50%
• What is a phenotype?

  The expressed characteristics of an individual
• What debate is closely linked to genotype and phenotype?

  The nature vs nurture debate
• What concept did Darwin contribute to psychology?

  The theory of evolution and survival of the fittest
• What is a genotype?

  One's genetic makeup
• What is natural selection?

  The process where organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce
• How do farmers apply the concept of natural selection?

  By selecting traits in livestock for successful breeding
• What is one strength of the biological approach?

  It uses scientific methods for investigation
• What is one real-world application of the biological approach?

  Use of psychoactive drugs to treat mental disorders
• How do drugs that treat clinical depression work?

  They increase levels of serotonin at the synapse
• What is a limitation of biological explanations in psychology?

  They tend to be determinist and ignore environmental influences
• How does the expression of genotype relate to phenotype?

  Phenotype is influenced by environmental factors
• What does it suggest when genetically identical twins do not look or think exactly the same?

  It suggests that the biological view is too simplistic
• What is meant by 'evolution' in psychology?

  The process of change in species over time through natural selection
• What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

  Genotype is genetic makeup, phenotype is expressed characteristics
• What are two features of the biological approach?

  Focus on biological structures and use of scientific methods
• What are two limitations of the biological approach?

  Determinism and oversimplification of behavior