adaptation

• What is meant by an extremophile?

  An organism adapted to live in extreme conditions
• How are camels adapted to the hot and dry conditions of a desert?

  They have structural adaptations like a hump for fat storage
• What is the purpose of the fat stored in a camel's hump?

  To act as a thermal insulator and reduce water loss
• How do camels produce water from fat?

  Through metabolic reactions
• What type of coat do camels have on the upper surface of their body?

  A thick coat
• Why is the inside of a camel's mouth leathery?

  To allow them to eat desert plants with thorns
• What do camels have to keep dust out of their eyes?

  Long eyelashes
• How do camels prevent dust from entering their nostrils?

  By closing their nostrils
• What adaptation helps camels avoid sinking into the sand?

  Wide feet
• What are functional adaptations in camels?

  Adaptations to the body functions of an organism
• How do camels reduce water loss?

  By producing concentrated urine and dry feces
• What allows camels to tolerate large changes in body temperature?

  Functional adaptations
• What is a behavioral adaptation of the kangaroo rat?

  Being nocturnal
• Why do kangaroo rats live in burrows during the day?

  To keep cool and protect from predators
• What is a structural adaptation of the arctic fox?

  Very thick fur
• How does the arctic fox reduce heat loss?

  By having small ears and thick fur
• What adaptation helps the arctic fox camouflage?

  The color of its coat
• How do cacti adapt to dry conditions?

  By having small leaves or no leaves at all
• What type of roots do cacti have to catch water?

  Extensive and shallow roots
• How do cacti store water?

  In their stems
• What are extremophiles?

  Organisms adapted to live in extreme conditions
• Where can extremophiles be found?

  In deep-sea vents
• What conditions do extremophiles endure?

  Very high temperatures and pressures
• Besides high temperatures and pressures, what else can extremophiles tolerate?

  Very high concentrations of salt
• What are the main types of adaptations organisms have to survive in their environments?

  • Structural adaptations: body shape or structure
  • Behavioral adaptations: lifestyle or behavior
  • Functional adaptations: body functions
• What are the adaptations of camels to desert conditions?

  Structural adaptations:

  • Hump for fat storage
  • Thick coat for insulation
  • Leathery mouth for eating thorny plants
  • Long eyelashes and nostrils to keep dust out
  • Wide feet to prevent sinking in sand

  
  

  Functional adaptations:

  • Concentrated urine and dry feces to reduce water loss
  • Tolerance to large changes in body temperature
• What are the adaptations of the arctic fox to cold conditions?

  • Thick fur for insulation
  • Fur on soles of feet to reduce heat loss
  • Small ears to reduce surface area and heat loss
  • Camouflaged coat for hunting
• What are the adaptations of cacti to survive in dry conditions?

  • Small or no leaves to reduce water loss
  • Extensive and shallow roots to catch water
  • Ability to store water in stems
• What are extremophiles and where do they live?

  • Extremophiles are organisms adapted to extreme conditions
  • They can be found in deep-sea vents with high temperatures and pressures
  • They can also tolerate high concentrations of salt