Definitions of Abnormalities

• What does the term "psychopathology" refer to?

  The study of mental health conditions
• What does "psycho" mean in the context of psychopathology?

  It refers to the mind
• What does "pathology" mean in the context of psychopathology?

  It refers to the study of disease
• What mental health conditions are covered in the psychopathology video series?

  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
  • Depression
  • Phobias
• Which psychological approach is applied to phobias?

  The behaviorist approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to depression?

  The cognitive approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to OCD?

  The biological approach
• Why is defining someone as mentally abnormal challenging?

  There is no clear definition that includes everyone
• What are the four competing definitions of abnormality discussed?

  1. Statistical infrequency
  2. Failure to function adequately
  3. Deviation from social norms
  4. Deviation from ideal mental health
• What does the statistical infrequency definition state?

  Someone is mentally abnormal if their condition is very rare in the population
• How can behavior be judged according to the statistical infrequency definition?

  Using statistics to determine how common or rare it is
• What is the average IQ score according to the statistical infrequency definition?

  100
• What percentage of the population falls into the low intelligence bracket according to the statistical infrequency definition?

  Just over 2%
• What is a positive evaluation of the statistical infrequency definition?

  It objectively measures low IQ for support needs
• What is a criticism of the statistical infrequency definition regarding the cutoff for low intelligence?

  It is a subjective decision affecting many people
• Why might high intelligence be a criticism of the statistical infrequency definition?

  It includes high intelligence as abnormal, which is not desired
• What is a limitation of the statistical infrequency definition regarding common mental health conditions?

  It does not account for common conditions like depression and anxiety
• What does the failure to function adequately definition consider?

  An individual's ability to cope in daily life
• What are the features of failure to function according to Rosenhan and Seligman?

  • Maladaptive behavior
  • Personal anguish
  • Observer discomfort
  • Irrationality
  • Unpredictability
  • Unconventionality
• What is maladaptive behavior?

  Behavior that goes against long-term interests
• What does personal anguish refer to in the context of failure to function?

  Individuals suffering anxiety and distress
• What does irrationality refer to in the context of failure to function?

  Difficulty in understanding the motivation behind someone's behavior
• What is observer discomfort?

  Behavior that causes distress to those around the individual
• What is unconventionality in the context of failure to function?

  Behavior that goes against typical societal expectations
• What is a criticism of the failure to function definition regarding subjectivity?

  Decisions about coping are subjective and may vary between observers
• Why might psychopaths be excluded from the failure to function definition?

  They can function successfully in society without distress
• What is a criticism of labeling extreme behaviors as abnormal?

  Not all maladaptive behaviors indicate mental illness
• What is a positive aspect of the failure to function definition?

  It respects individual experiences
• What is a social norm?

  An unwritten expectation of behavior
• How can social norms vary?

  They can change from culture to culture and over time
• What is a criticism of the deviation from social norms definition?

  It can be difficult to apply across different cultures
• What is an example of cultural differences in social norms?

  Acceptance of homosexuality varies between cultures
• What is category failure in the context of mental illness diagnosis?

  Applying a Western definition of mental illness to other cultures
• How might hallucinations be viewed differently in Afro-Caribbean cultures?

  They may be seen as normal religious experiences
• What is a criticism of the deviation from ideal mental health definition?

  It reflects a Western perspective that may not apply universally
• What are the six features of ideal mental health according to Jahoda?

  Environmental mastery, autonomy, resistance to stress, self-actualization, positive attitude towards oneself, accurate perception of reality
• What is a limitation of the criteria for ideal mental health?

  It is difficult for most people to meet all criteria at once
• What is a positive evaluation of the deviation from ideal mental health definition?

  It provides a holistic approach to mental health
• How does the deviation from ideal mental health definition respect individual experiences?

  It considers multiple factors in diagnosis and personal development