Characteristics of Phobias, Depression & OCD

• What are the three main psychopathologies focused on in this unit?

  Phobias, depression, and OCD
• What are the three types of characteristics used to describe phobias, depression, and OCD?

  • Behavioral characteristics
  • Emotional characteristics
  • Cognitive characteristics
• What is a phobia?

  An extreme and irrational fear of an object or situation
• What is Arachnophobia?

  A fear of spiders
• What is claustrophobia?

  A fear of enclosed spaces
• What is a common behavioral characteristic of someone with a phobia?

  Avoidance of the phobic object or situation
• If someone with ornophobia sees a pigeon, what might they do?

  They may cross the street to avoid the pigeon
• What is a physical display of panic associated with phobias?

  Screaming, hyperventilating, and trying to run away
• What does a generalized failure to function mean in the context of phobias?

  Inability to engage in normal day-to-day activities
• What emotional characteristic is commonly associated with phobias?

  Anxiety
• How does anxiety manifest in individuals with phobias?

  As a constant state of high arousal
• What is the relationship between phobias and pleasure in daily activities?

  People with phobias often cannot relax and feel pleasure
• What is the cognitive characteristic of phobias regarding beliefs about the phobic object?

  Exaggerated belief in the harm the phobic object could cause
• How do phobia sufferers' thoughts affect their cognitive capacity?

  They reduce cognitive capacity and ability to focus
• What is a defining feature of depression?

  A constant and long-lasting sense of sadness
• What is lethargy in the context of depression?

  Lack of energy to perform normal activities
• What is anhedonia?

  Inability to take part in previously enjoyable activities
• What change in eating behavior is often seen in depression?

  Significant weight gain or weight loss
• What emotional characteristics are commonly associated with depression?

  Sadness, guilt, helplessness, and feeling of no value
• What cognitive characteristic involves poor concentration in depression?

  Inability to give full attention to tasks
• What does OCD stand for?

  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• What are negative schemas in the context of depression?

  Automatic negative biases in thinking
• What are obsessions in OCD?

  Intrusive and constant thoughts
• What is a common behavioral characteristic of compulsions?

  Checking behaviors, like testing if lights are off
• What are compulsions in OCD?

  Behavioral responses to obsessions
• What is an example of a ritual cleaning behavior in OCD?

  Cleaning the kitchen repeatedly
• What is the emotional characteristic associated with OCD?

  Extreme anxiety
• How does hyper-vigilance manifest in OCD?

  Constantly looking for sources of obsessive thoughts
• What is selective attention in the context of OCD?

  Focus on objects connected to obsessions
• What are the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive characteristics of OCD?

  • Behavioral: Checking behaviors, ritual cleaning, avoidance
  • Emotional: Extreme anxiety, depression
  • Cognitive: Intrusive thoughts, hyper-vigilance, selective attention
• What are the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive characteristics of depression?

  • Behavioral: Change in activity level, anhedonia, poor personal hygiene
  • Emotional: Persistent sadness, guilt, helplessness
  • Cognitive: Poor concentration, negative schemas
• What are the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive characteristics of phobias?

  • Behavioral: Avoidance, panic responses, failure to function
  • Emotional: Anxiety, fear
  • Cognitive: Exaggerated beliefs about harm, reduced cognitive capacity
• What is the website mentioned for additional resources on psychopathology?

  psychboost.com
• What can Patreon supporters access according to the video?

  Bonus resources, tutorial videos, and a Discord Channel
• How many videos does psychboost.com offer to help with qualifications?

  Over 170 videos
• What is the purpose of the tutorial videos mentioned?

  To help with exam questions