Atypical sex chromosome patterns

• What is the occurrence rate of Klinefelter's Syndrome in males?


  Affects 1 in 750 males
• What is the chromosomal structure associated with Klinefelter's Syndrome?

  XXY
• Why are many cases of Klinefelter's Syndrome undiagnosed?

  They are discovered accidentally during medical examinations
• What are the physical characteristics of Klinefelter's Syndrome?

  • Reduced body hair compared to typical males
  • Breast development at puberty (gynaecomastia)
  • Underdeveloped genitals
  • Increased risk of health issues often associated with females, e.g., breast cancer
• What are the psychological characteristics of Klinefelter's Syndrome?

  • Poor language and reading skills
  • Passive and shy, with reduced interest in sexual activity
  • Struggle to cope with stressful situations
  • Problems with executive functions like problem-solving
• What is the occurrence rate of Turner's Syndrome in females?

  Affects 1 in 5000 females
• What is the chromosomal structure associated with Turner's Syndrome?

  XO
• How many chromosomes are present in individuals with Turner's Syndrome?

  45 chromosomes instead of 46
• What are the physical characteristics of Turner's Syndrome?

  • No menstrual cycle (ovaries fail to develop, resulting in sterility)
  • Broad chest with no breast development at puberty
  • Low-set ears and a webbed neck
  • Hips not much wider than the waist
• What are the psychological characteristics of Turner's Syndrome?

  • High reading ability
  • Below-average performance in spatial, visual memory, and math tasks
  • Social immaturity, with difficulty relating to peers