Computer science term 1

• What is the name of the architecture mentioned in the study material?

  Von Neumann architecture
• What does the ALU stand for in computer architecture?

  Arithmetic Logic Unit
• What is the role of the Control Unit in a CPU?

  It directs the operation of the processor
• What is the function of memory in a computer system?

  It stores data and instructions for processing
• What are registers in a CPU?

  Small storage locations for quick data access
• How does the von Neumann architecture handle data and instructions?

  It uses the same memory for both data and instructions
• What is the role of the CPU in a computer?

  It processes instructions and manages operations
• What is the purpose of buses in a computer system?

  To transfer data between components
• What does the term 'stored program concept' refer to?

  It refers to storing instructions in memory for execution
• How are machine instructions stored in a computer system?

  They are stored in memory
• What is the relationship between the CPU and memory?

  The CPU processes data stored in memory
• What is meant by 'different buses' in the context of computer architecture?

  They refer to various pathways for data transfer between components
• What are the main components of the von Neumann architecture?

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Memory (RAM)
  • Input/Output devices
  • Buses for data transfer
• How do the components of a computer system interact with each other?

  • CPU processes data
  • Memory stores data and instructions
  • Buses transfer data between CPU, memory, and I/O devices
  • Control Unit directs operations
• What is the date mentioned in the first line of the study material?

  Friday 8th October 2022
• What does CPU stand for?

  Central Processing Unit
• What is the function of the Control Unit in a CPU?

  It manages and coordinates the activities of the CPU
• What does MAR stand for?

  Memory Address Register
• What is the role of the Program Counter (PC)?

  It holds the address of the next instruction to be executed
• What does ALU stand for?

  Arithmetic Logic Unit
• What is the purpose of Registers in a CPU?

  They store data temporarily for quick access
• What does ACC stand for?

  Accumulator
• What does MDR stand for?

  Memory Data Register
• What does CIR stand for?

  Current Instruction Register
• What are Input Devices?

  Devices that allow data to be entered into a computer
• What is Cache Memory?

  A small amount of high-speed memory located inside the CPU
• What are Output Devices?

  Devices that convey information from a computer to the user
• What is the function of buses in a CPU?

  They connect components and transmit data between them
• What is the Address Bus used for?

  It carries memory addresses from the processor to other components
• What does the Data Bus do?

  It carries the actual data between the processor and other components
• What is the role of the Control Bus?

  It carries control signals from the processor to other components
• What is the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?

  It is the process the CPU uses to run a program by fetching, decoding, and executing instructions
• How many instructions can the CPU execute per second?

  Billions of instructions
• What does RAM store?

  Data and instructions that are currently in use
• What happens during the Fetch stage of the instruction cycle?

  The CPU retrieves the next instruction from memory
• What are the steps in the Fetch stage of the instruction cycle?

  1. The address of the new instruction is placed in the Memory Address Register (MAR).
  2. The address is sent to main memory via the Address Bus.
  3. The content at the address is returned to the Memory Data Register (MDR).
  4. The instruction is copied from the MDR into the Current Instruction Register (CIR).
  5. The Program Counter (PC) is incremented to reference the next instruction.
  6. The instruction is sent to the Control Unit for execution.
• What is the purpose of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?

  It holds the address of the instruction to be executed
• What does the Memory Data Register (MDR) hold?

  It holds the instruction or data retrieved from memory
• What is the role of the Current Instruction Register (CIR)?

  It holds the instruction that is currently being decoded and executed
• What are the three factors that affect CPU speed?

  Core, Clock Speed, and number of cores