humanistic approach

• when did the approach emerge

  1950’s
• what are the key assumptions of this approach

  focus is on studying unique subjective human experiences - “ person centred approach “

  people have free will and are in control of their own behaviour - rejects idea of behaviour being determined by factors outside of our control
• what do humanists believe 


  they can provide tools to help people
• what did humanistic psychology become recognised as in 1950’s america 


  the third force
• what did carl roger’s and abraham maslow suggest and what did it focus on


  a person centred approach which focused on the idea that each human is unique and in control of their own destiny
• who did they criticise and why

  the likes of freud and watson for staying that behaviour is determined by forced out of our control
• what does humanism focus on 


  subjective human experience and how that shapes an individual
• what is freewill 


  the ability to make our own conscious choices and be in control of our own behaviour
• what did roger’s believe

  that people are all essentially good and that human nature is positive

  everyone is capable of personal growth and achieving their potential

  but we need unconditional positive regard and positive self worth but if conditions of worth are imposed on us we are less likely to achieve full potential
• what are conditions of worth 


  conditions we think we must meet in order for other people to accept us as worthy of their love and acceptance
• what do we learn as children 


  that there are certain things that we do which please our parents / guardians and we strive to do those things

  this generalises to people such as teachers, friends hand society
• what do we do with our life according to those conditions

  we live according to the conditions of worth we internalised as we grow up
• what is unconditional positive regard 


  a type of love where other people accept us and love us despite any faults we have
• who do we get unconditional positive regard from in our childhood


  parents
• what are the consequences of receiving unconditional positive regard


  people feel free to try things out and make mistakes without feeling that love will be withdrawn
• what is unconditional positive regard essential for 


  the development of becoming a well rounded adult in later life
• what is positive self worth

  feeling confident and positive about yourself despite any mistakes you may make and how unhappy your may be

  also is open with people
• what is congruence 


  level of similarity between iseal self and actual self
• what is the development of congruence dependent on 


  us receiving unconditional positive regard and having high positive self worth
• what happens if we achieve more congruence 


  we have a higher sense of self worth and according to rogers we can achieve personal growth
• as a complete state of congruence if very rare to exist, what do more people experience 


  a state of incongruence
• what did maslow believe 


  humans are motivated to seek personal growth and fulfilment
• what do we have to do to meet this

  fulfil the ‘deficiency’ needs first
• how did maslow demonstrate this 


  hierarchy of needs
• what is the bottom stage in the hirearchy of needs

  physiology
• what is in the physiology section 


  the necessities

  breathing

  food

  water

  sex

  slee

  homeostasis

  excretion
• what is the second part of the hierarchy of needs 


  safety
• what is in the safety section 


  security of:

  body

  employment

  resources

  morality

  health

  property

  the family
• what is the third part of the hierarchy of needs 


  love and belonging
• what is in the live and belonging section

  friendship

  family

  sexual intimacy
• what is in the fourth part of the hierarchy 


  esteem
• what is in the esteem section

  self esteem

  confidence

  achievement

  respect of others

  respect by ithers
• what is the top of the hierarchy

  self actualisation
• what is in the self actualisation part of the hierarchy 


  morality

  creativity

  spontaneity

  problem solving

  lack of prejudice

  acceptance of facts
• where are the more basic needs in position of the hierarchy 


  at the bottom
• where are the more advanced needs of the hierarchy 


  at the top
• must each level be fulfilled before a person can move up to a higher need

  yes
• who did maslow study to gain more knowledge on self actualisation 


  albert einstein

  abraham lincoln
• how many people reach the top of the hierarchy 


  1 - 2 %
• what is self actualisation 


  reaching your full life potential