1.6 Respiration

    Cards (24)

    • What is the key area of cell biology being discussed?
      Respiration
    • What is the basic respiration equation involving glucose?
      Glucose + OxygenEnergy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
    • What is the high energy molecule produced during respiration?
      Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
    • How many phosphates are in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
      Three
    • What happens when the bond at the terminal end of the phosphate chain in ATP is broken?
      Energy is released
    • What is the molecule formed when ATP is broken down?
      Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
    • What is the cycle involving ATP and ADP?
      ATP breaks down to ADP and releases energy, while ADP requires energy to reform ATP
    • What are the two forms of respiration mentioned?
      Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration
    • Where does aerobic respiration take place?
      In the mitochondria
    • What is required for aerobic respiration to occur?
      Oxygen
    • How effective is aerobic respiration in producing ATP compared to anaerobic respiration?
      Aerobic respiration produces many molecules of ATP, while anaerobic respiration produces only two
    • What is glycolysis?
      Glycolysis is the process of glucose splitting
    • What molecule is produced from glucose during glycolysis?
      Pyruvate
    • How many molecules of ATP are produced during glycolysis?
      Two molecules of ATP
    • Where does glycolysis take place?
      In the cytoplasm
    • What happens to pyruvate in aerobic respiration?
      It is broken down into carbon dioxide and water
    • How many molecules of ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
      36 molecules of ATP
    • What is produced during anaerobic respiration in animal cells?
      Lactic acid
    • How many molecules of ATP are produced in anaerobic respiration?
      Two molecules of ATP
    • What is the difference in anaerobic respiration in plant cells compared to animal cells?
      In plant cells, pyruvate is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide
    • What are the key differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
      • Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, occurs in mitochondria, and produces many ATP.
      • Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, occurs in cytoplasm, and produces only 2 ATP.
    • What are the stages of respiration and their outcomes?
      1. Stage 1: Glycolysis
      • Occurs in cytoplasm
      • Glucose → Pyruvate
      • Produces 2 ATP
      1. Stage 2:
      • Aerobic: Pyruvate → CO2 + H2O, produces 36 ATP
      • Anaerobic: Pyruvate → Lactic acid (animals) or Ethanol + CO2 (plants), produces 2 ATP
    • What is the significance of lactic acid in muscles?
      • Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration when oxygen is not available.
      • It can cause muscle soreness after intense exercise.
    • What is the role of fermentation in brewing and winemaking?
      • Fermentation is used to produce alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide.
      • It occurs in the absence of oxygen using yeast.