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Nat 5 Biology
1.6 Respiration
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Created by
Aimee Hiddleston
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Cards (24)
What is the key area of cell biology being discussed?
Respiration
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What is the basic respiration equation involving glucose?
Glucose +
Oxygen
→
Energy
+ Carbon Dioxide +
Water
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What is the high energy molecule produced during respiration?
Adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
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How many phosphates are in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
Three
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What happens when the bond at the terminal end of the phosphate chain in ATP is broken?
Energy
is
released
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What is the molecule formed when ATP is broken down?
Adenosine diphosphate
(ADP)
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What is the cycle involving ATP and ADP?
ATP breaks down to
ADP
and releases
energy
, while
ADP
requires
energy
to reform
ATP
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What are the two forms of respiration mentioned?
Aerobic respiration
and
anaerobic respiration
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Where does aerobic respiration take place?
In the
mitochondria
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What is required for aerobic respiration to occur?
Oxygen
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How effective is aerobic respiration in producing ATP compared to anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration produces many molecules of ATP, while anaerobic respiration produces only
two
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What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the process of
glucose
splitting
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What molecule is produced from glucose during glycolysis?
Pyruvate
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How many molecules of ATP are produced during glycolysis?
Two
molecules of ATP
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Where does glycolysis take place?
In the
cytoplasm
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What happens to pyruvate in aerobic respiration?
It is broken down into
carbon dioxide
and
water
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How many molecules of ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
36
molecules of ATP
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What is produced during anaerobic respiration in animal cells?
Lactic acid
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How many molecules of ATP are produced in anaerobic respiration?
Two
molecules of ATP
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What is the difference in anaerobic respiration in plant cells compared to animal cells?
In plant cells,
pyruvate
is broken down into
ethanol
and
carbon dioxide
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What are the key differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic
respiration requires oxygen, occurs in
mitochondria
, and produces many
ATP
.
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, occurs in
cytoplasm
, and produces only 2 ATP.
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What are the stages of respiration and their outcomes?
Stage 1:
Glycolysis
Occurs in
cytoplasm
Glucose →
Pyruvate
Produces 2
ATP
Stage 2:
Aerobic
: Pyruvate →
CO2
+
H2O
, produces 36 ATP
Anaerobic
: Pyruvate →
Lactic acid
(animals) or
Ethanol
+ CO2 (plants), produces 2 ATP
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What is the significance of lactic acid in muscles?
Lactic acid is produced during
anaerobic respiration
when oxygen is not available.
It can cause
muscle soreness
after intense exercise.
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What is the role of fermentation in brewing and winemaking?
Fermentation
is used to produce alcohol (
ethanol
) and carbon dioxide.
It occurs in the absence of oxygen using
yeast
.
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