ALL OF AMERICA

• Who was president from 1913-1921?


  Woodrow Wilson (Dem)
• Who was president from 1921-1923?


  Warren G. Harding (Rep)
• Who was president from 1923-1929?


  Calvin Coolidge (Rep)
• Who was president from 1929-1933?


  Herbert Hoover (Rep)
• Why did Woodrow Wilson lead to the rise of the Republicans?

  - he broke his promise of isolationaism

  - he was deemed too interventionist, drafting bills and breaking the separation of powers principle

  - he was ill and appeared weak
• What was Harding's catchphrase?


  Less government in business and more business in government
• When did the USA join WW1?


  6th April 1917
• When was the League of Nations created?


  1920
• What had unemployment grown to after the war?


  From 950,000 in 1919 to 5,010,000 in 1921
• What is laissez-faire economics?


  minimal government interference, not regulating business or providing welfare to the poor
• What is isolationsim?

  the US should play a minimal role in international disputes and should focus on improving itself - not joining the league of nations and 'buy American
• What is rugged individualism?


  people should be encouraged to look after themselves in order to build a prosperous nation
• What factors led to the Republicans rising to power?

  - Woodrow Wilson

  - Republican ideas

  - World War One

  - the first Red Scare

  - Economic boom
• What were Harding's goals?


  reduce taxation, introduce tarrifs on trade and industry, provide radio, study 'the race question' and how to solve it
• What happened as a result of World War One?


  increased taxation, federal intervention, conscription, and prohibition
• What was the problem of conscription?


  society resented it as it drew apart the image of traditional American family
• Why was prohibition introduced?


  People were spending too much money on alcohol, it led to urban crime, and inefficiency
• When was prohibition introduced?


  in 1919 the 18th Amendment made it illegal to make, sell, or transport alcohol
• When was the First Red Scare?

  1919-1920
• How many workers strikes were there in 1919?

  3600, in which 1/4 of American workers participated
• How many workers striked in February 1919?


  60,000 in Seattle
• When was the Communist Labour Party founded?


  1919
• What was 'Red hunting'?


  When people began to accuse each other of being communists and people would go hunting to find communists
• How many cars were there by 1929?


  26 million, almost 1 per household
• How many radios were there by 1929?


  10 million
• How many telephones were there by 1929?


  20 million
• How many more refrigerators were there by 1929?


  7% more
• When was the Wall Street Crash?


  October 1929
• What did US steel do by 1932?

  put all its workers on part time
• What did Ford do by 1932?

  fired 75% of its workforce
• How many people were unemployed by 1932?


  between 1 and 2 million
• What did Hoover claim in 1931?


  "The hobos ... are better fed than they have evr been"
• How did Hoover react to the Great Depression?


  he moved away from laissez-faire ecnomics and increased government intervention
• When was the Federal Farm Board created?


  1930
• When was the President's Emergency Committee for Employment created?

  1930
• How did Hoover move to government intervention?


  He tried to encourage businesses to create more jobs, but this did not work and he eventually asked Congress to pass laws to give direct federal help
• What did Hoover do in 1930-1932?

  he appealed to congress, offering a major national aid programme- he was rejected
• How much had the government spent in 1933?

  over $5 billion - only collecting $2 billion in taxes
• When did the government promise veterans a bonus?


  1924
• What were the terms of the bonus?

  an immediate $50 payment, the rest to be paid in 1945