TD07

• What is the main objective of deer production?

  To obtain venison and by-products like antlers and velvet
• Why is venison considered important in the meat market?

  It has potential to have a more significant place due to being lean and high-protein
• What are the by-products of deer production?

  Antlers and velvet
• What is the significance of rearing deer in terms of tourism?

  It attracts tourists and can be used to make a wide variety of products
• What is required to rear deer legally?

  A permit
• Why do we need a permit to rear deer?

  To ensure protection of deer species and maintain biodiversity
• When did deer farming begin in Malaysia?

  In 1977
• What are the subfamilies of deer mentioned?

  Capreolinae and Cervinae
• What are the common deer species in Malaysia?

  Southern Red Muntjac, Barking Deer, Lesser Mouse-Deer, Malayan Sambar
• Why are Timorensis deer preferred over Malayan Sambar deer for production?

  Timorensis deer are easier to obtain and have better adaptability
• What type of farming system is used for deer production?

  Extensive farming
• What are the enclosure requirements for deer grazing areas?

  A 6-foot cyclone fence divided into a minimum of 7 sections
• What is the importance of a darkroom facility in deer management?

  It is used for health checks, mother-fawn separation, and sales preparation
• What are the feeding practices for deer?

  Deer are herbivores, browsers, and ruminants
• What is the typical age for deer to conceive?

  18-20 months old
• What is the gestation period for deer?

  7½ to 8 months
• How many offspring do deer typically have per gestation?

  1 fawn
• What is the peak breeding season for deer?

  June to September
• What behavior do bucks exhibit during the rutting season?

  They engage in social activities and their testosterone levels rise
• What is the ratio of bucks to does for natural breeding?

  1 buck to 10 does
• What is fawning season for deer?

  March to June
• What are common health issues in deer?

  Ticks, worms, and eye infections
• When is velvet harvested from antlers?

  When antlers are still in their soft, developing stage
• What is the optimal age for slaughtering Timorensis deer?

  1 to 2 years old
• What are the challenges faced in deer farming?

  Consumer preference for fattier meats and breeding challenges
• What is the main objective of buffalo farming?

  To increase meat production and labor assistance
• When were water buffaloes introduced to Malaysia?

  Around the 3rd century AD
• What are the common breeds of buffalo?

  River Buffalo, Borneo Buffalo, Swamp Buffalo
• What is the housing requirement for buffalo in a semi-intensive system?

  They need a shelter or barn for nighttime or harsh weather
• Why do buffaloes like to wallow in water or mud?

  To regulate their body temperature and protect their skin
• What is the ideal age for buffalo breeding?

  2 to 3 years
• What are the key components of buffalo general management?

  Tagging, record keeping, vaccination, and deworming
• What are the challenges faced in buffalo farming?

  Market price instability, climate effects, and health management
• What are the main objectives of deer and buffalo farming?

  Deer:

  • To obtain venison and by-products

  Buffalo:

  • To increase meat production, labor assistance, and import reduction
• What are the importance and benefits of proper management in deer and buffalo farming?

  • Achieve high productivity
  • Ensure animal welfare
• What are the feeding practices for different stages of buffalo growth?

  Calf (Birth to 6 months):

  • Mother's milk, soft grass, pellets

  Juvenile (6 months to 2 years):

  • High-quality grass, pellets, grains

  Adult (Over 2 years):

  • Pelleted feed, grains, forages, mineral supplements
• What are the common health management practices for buffalo?

  • Regular vaccinations
  • Deworming
  • Routine health checkups
  • Waste management