cb2 the nervous system

• What are the parts of the nervous system?

  The central nervous system (CNS) and nerves
• How does the nervous system detect stimuli?

  It uses sensory neurons to receive signals
• What is the structure of sensory neurons?

  Sensory neurons have a cell body and long extensions
• What type of cell division do cells use to make identical copies?

  Mitosis
• What type of cell can differentiate into specialized cells?

  Stem cell
• In which organ system are nerve cells found?

  The nervous system
• Are nerve cells diploid or haploid?

  Diploid
• What part of a nerve cell contains chromosomes?

  Nucleus
• What part of a nerve cell makes proteins?

  The ribosomes
• Why do nerve cells require a lot of energy?

  They need energy to carry electrical signals
• What cell structure would you expect nerve cells to have a lot of?

  Mitochondria
• What is a nerve cell specialized to do?

  Carry electrical signals/impulses
• What are the senses listed in the study material?

  Touch, hearing, sight, taste, smell, balance, heat detection
• Name one organ in the nervous system.

  Brain
• What is the function of the nervous system?

  To allow communication between all parts of the body
• Is the nervous system only found in humans?

  No, it is found in many animals
• What is neurotransmission?

  The transmission of impulses in neurons
• What does the myelin sheath do?

  Insulates the axon and speeds up the impulse
• What happens when someone picks up a pencil?

  Neurotransmission occurs in the nervous system
• What are the three components of a neuron?

  Cell body, dendrites, axon
• What is the job of the myelin sheath?

  To insulate the axon and speed up impulses
• Where are impulses sent to in the nervous system?

  To the central nervous system (CNS)
• What are the key definitions related to the nervous system?

  • Impulses: Electrical signals
  • Stimuli: Anything sensitive to the body
  • Neurotransmission: Transmission of impulses
  • Myelin sheath: Fatty layer around dendrons and axons
• What is the process of neurotransmission in neurons?

  • Impulses travel through neurons
  • Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and axon
  • Myelin sheath insulates axon and speeds up impulses
• What are the roles of sensory neurons in the nervous system?

  • Carry impulses from receptor cells to the CNS
  • Impulses pass into dendrites, then along dendron and axon
• What are the functions of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  • Controls body functions
  • Processes sensory information
  • Coordinates responses
• What are the differences between the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system?

  • CNS: Brain and spinal cord
  • PNS: Nerves throughout the body
  • CNS processes information, PNS transmits signals