properties of waves

• What is the definition of amplitude in wave motion?

  The maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position
• How can you identify the amplitude on a transverse wave?

  It is the furthest point the wave vibrates from its undisturbed position
• What is the definition of wavelength?

  The distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave
• How can you measure the wavelength of a wave?

  By measuring the distance between equivalent points on adjacent waves
• What is the symbol for wavelength?

  The Greek letter lambda
• How do you measure the wavelength in longitudinal waves?

  From one compression to the next compression or from one rarefaction to the next rarefaction
• What is the definition of frequency?

  The number of waves passing a point each second
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• How do you calculate the frequency of a wave from a diagram?

  By counting the total number of waves passing a point in one second
• If a transverse wave shows five waves in one second, what is its frequency?

  Five Hertz
• If a wave has three waves in one second, what is its frequency?

  Three Hertz
• What is the definition of period in wave motion?

  The time in seconds for one wave to pass a point
• How do you calculate the period of a wave?

  Using the equation: period in seconds = 1 / frequency in Hertz
• If a wave has a frequency of 100 Hertz, what is its period?

  $0.01 \text{ seconds}$
• What are the key features of wave motion?

  • Amplitude
  • Wavelength
  • Frequency
  • Period
• What is the process to calculate the period of a wave?

  1. Identify the frequency of the wave.
  2. Use the formula: period = $\frac{1}{\text{frequency}}$.
  3. Calculate the period in seconds.
• What hazards are associated with ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays?

  They can increase the risk of skin cancer and gene mutations
• What types of waves are discussed in the video?

  • Transverse waves
  • Longitudinal waves
• What is the relationship between frequency and period?

  • Frequency is the number of waves per second.
  • Period is the time for one wave to pass a point.
  • They are inversely related: $\text{Period} =$$\frac{1}{\text{Frequency}}$.
• What happens when electromagnetic waves are generated or absorbed?

  • Changes occur in atoms or nuclei of atoms
  • Electrons can move to higher energy levels
  • Emission of electromagnetic waves occurs when electrons return to original energy levels
• What happens to lithium atoms when they are heated?

  They emit red light and generate electromagnetic waves
• How do gamma rays differ from other electromagnetic waves?

  They can be emitted from the nucleus of radioactive atoms
• What occurs when electromagnetic waves are absorbed by atoms?

  Electrons can change energy levels
• What is the frequency range of electromagnetic waves?

  From radio waves to gamma rays
• What are the hazards of ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and gamma rays?

  • Ultraviolet waves increase skin cancer risk and cause premature aging
  • X-rays and gamma rays are ionizing radiation
  • They can cause gene mutations and increase cancer risk
• How is the dose of radiation measured?

  In sieverts or millisieverts
• What is the significance of the radiation dose unit in exams?

  You may need to interpret data on different doses
• How are radio waves produced in an electrical circuit?

  When electrons oscillate in the circuit
• What happens when radio waves are absorbed by an aerial?

  They cause electrons in the circuit to oscillate
• What is created when electrons oscillate in response to absorbed radio waves?

  An alternating current with the same frequency as the radio waves
• What is the main topic of the video?

  • Generation and absorption of electromagnetic waves
  • Changes in atoms and their nuclei
  • Hazards of specific types of electromagnetic radiation