summary

• When did the Vikings decide to settle in England?

  From 850
• Why did the Vikings choose to settle in England?

  Due to farmland and resources
• Which part of England remained under Anglo-Saxon rule during the Viking control?

  Wessex
• Who defeated the Vikings at the Battle of Edington?

  Alfred the Great
• What was agreed upon after the Battle of Edington?

  Peace dividing England in two
• Who became the first real king of England from 927?

  Athelstan
• How did Cnut become king in 1016?

  His father invaded and defeated King Aethelred
• What was significant about Cnut's reign?

  He brought peace to England and established a North Sea Empire
• Who was Emma of Normandy married to?

  Aethelred and Cnut
• What event occurred in 1066?

  The Battle of Hastings
• Who invaded England in 1066?

  William, Duke of Normandy
• What cultural changes occurred in England after the Norman invasion?

  French customs and language were introduced
• What did the Normans build in England?

  Churches and castles
• What was the Angevin Empire established by Henry II?

  Through conquest and family connections
• What territories did Henry II inherit?

  Normandy, Anjou, Maine, Aquitaine, and Brittany
• What led to the collapse of the Angevin Empire?

  Military disasters and unpopularity of King John
• What was the time frame of the Hundred Years War?

  1327 – 1377
• Why did war break out during the Hundred Years War?

  Edward III wanted glory and economic benefits
• What were key English victories during the Hundred Years War?

  Crecy (1346) and Poitiers (1356)
• What weapon contributed to English victories in the Hundred Years War?

  The longbow
• Who started the war again after Henry IV?

  Henry V
• What was the outcome of Henry V's campaigns?

  He won at Agincourt (1415)
• What happened to most of France during Henry VI's reign?

  It was lost
• What advancements allowed for longer journeys during the North Sea American Empire period?

  Improvements in ship technology and navigation
• Who discovered America in 1492?

  Christopher Columbus
• What did John Cabot achieve?

  He reached Canada
• Who were some English pirates that stole from Spanish ships?

  Francis Drake, Walter Raleigh, and Henry Morgan
• What role did John Hawkins play in the English slave trade?

  He was a privateer who helped establish it
• What labor system was used in British colonies?

  Indentured servants were used as workers
• When were African slaves introduced to British plantations?

  By 1619
• How profitable was the slave trade for Britain?

  It made 800% profit
• Who benefited from the slave trade in Britain?

  Shipbuilders, ship owners, bankers, and shop owners
• How many slaves did Charles II’s Royal African Company transport from Africa?

  60,000 slaves
• Why did some people migrate to America?

  To escape religious persecution or seek a better life
• What was established in Jamestown in 1607?

  A successful colony that planted tobacco
• Who established a settlement in New Plymouth?

  The Pilgrim Fathers (Puritans)
• What happened to many Native Americans due to European settlers?

  They were forced off their land and died from diseases
• What was the outcome of the American War of Independence for Britain?

  Britain lost the war in 1783
• What were some causes of the American War of Independence?

  Navigation Acts, taxation without representation, and the Boston Tea Party
• What was a consequence of the American War of Independence?

  100,000 Americans moved to Canada