Mitosis

• Stages of mitosis in order?

  interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
• Why is cell division needed?

  growth, repair, reproduction
• Stages of the cell cycle?

  G 1, G 2, S, G 0
• What is G0?

  a resting phase until cells are in the right conditions to divide
• What is G1?

  where cellular contents replicate
• What is S?

  synthesis, DNA replication
• What is G2?

  where they check for errors and put them through programmed cell death if they find any
• What is another name for programmed cell death?

  apoptosis
• interphase?

  DNA relaxed and unwound, individual chromosomes not visible
• Can you see the individual chromosomes in interphase?

  No
• Prophase?

  chromosomes become visible, each chromosome into 2 sister chromatids, nuclear envelope breaks down
• Metaphase?

  chromosomes along the middle, centromere attached to spindle fibres
• anaphase?

  spindle fibres contract, centromeres split, pulls to opposite parts of the cell
• Telophase?

  chromosomes reach poles, become unwound and are no longer visible, new nuclear membrane
• Cytokinesis?

  cytoplasm divides into two new cells
• Why is it soaked in hydrochloric acid?

  To break links, separate cell walls, for the stain to diffuse easily, stop mitosis
• Why is coverslip pressed down firmly?

  1 layer of cells for light to pass through
• how to calculate mitosis index?

  number of cells in P,M,A,T / total cells
• practical repeated again but with different results. Why?

  different stage of mitosis happen at different times, different species of plant, different part of root tip
• why shouldn’t you push the coverslip down sideways?

  to avoid rolling cells over each other