Organic tests

• test for alkenes:

  • bromine water
  • orange to colourless
• test for primary and secondary alcohols:

  • acidified potassium dichromate
  • orange to green
• test for aldehydes:

  • tollen's reagent
  • silver mirror forms
  • AgNO3 + NH3 + NaOH
  • warm
• test for aldehydes:

  • Fehling's solution
  • blue solution to red precipitate
  • contains Cu2+
• test for carboxylic acids:

  • sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • effervescence
• test for haloalkanes:

  • warm with NaOH
  • add AgNO3
  • chlorine - white ppt
  • bromine - cream ppt
  • iodine - yellow ppt
• test for acyl chlorides:

  • hydrolysis - add water
  • white fumes of HCl
• test for carbon dioxide:

  • limewater
  • Ca(OH)2