diabetes

• What is the role of insulin in the body?

  Insulin is a hormone that helps lower blood glucose levels.
• When is insulin released by the pancreas?

  Insulin is released when blood glucose concentration is too high.
• What does insulin do to cells in the body?

  Insulin binds to cells and tells them to absorb excess glucose.
• What happens to glucose when it is absorbed by cells due to insulin?

  It is turned into glycogen.
• How does insulin affect blood glucose levels?

  Insulin helps bring glucose levels back down to normal.
• What are the two types of diabetes mentioned?

  Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes.
• What is the underlying problem in both types of diabetes?

  Patients can't regulate their blood glucose levels properly.
• When does type 1 diabetes generally occur?

  Type 1 diabetes generally occurs in childhood or teenage years.
• What happens to insulin production in type 1 diabetes?

  The pancreas stops producing insulin or produces very tiny amounts.
• What can happen if a person with type 1 diabetes has high blood glucose levels?

  They might feel ill and in rare cases, it could be fatal.
• What is the main treatment for type 1 diabetes?

  The main treatment is to inject insulin.
• Where is insulin typically injected for type 1 diabetes treatment?

  Insulin is usually injected into the abdomen or thigh.
• How does injecting insulin after a meal help someone with type 1 diabetes?

  It mimics the pancreas releasing insulin to lower blood glucose levels.
• What factors determine the amount of insulin a person with type 1 diabetes needs to inject?

  The amount of insulin depends on what they've eaten and their exercise level.
• Why are people with diabetes encouraged to avoid sugary foods?

  Because sugary foods require more insulin to manage blood glucose levels.
• How does exercise affect insulin needs for people with diabetes?

  More exercise means they need less insulin because muscles absorb more glucose.
• Who is most likely to develop type 2 diabetes?

  Type 2 diabetes generally occurs in older people with unhealthy diets.
• What is the main problem in type 2 diabetes?

  Cells become resistant to insulin and do not respond to it.
• What happens to insulin production in type 2 diabetes?

  The pancreas may produce a lot of insulin, but it is ineffective.
• What is the main line of treatment for type 2 diabetes?

  A healthy low sugar diet and regular exercise.
• What are the key differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

  • Type 1:
  • Occurs in childhood/teenage years
  • Pancreas stops producing insulin
  • Requires insulin injections
  • Type 2:
  • Occurs in older adults
  • Cells become resistant to insulin
  • Treated with diet and exercise
• What should patients with diabetes remember about their condition?

  They should remember the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, particularly the problems and treatments.