contraception

• What is the main purpose of contraception?

  To prevent pregnancy
• What is the aim of the video discussed in the study material?

  To understand how contraception methods work and discuss their pros and cons
• What hormone stimulates an egg to develop in the ovaries?

  FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
• What triggers ovulation in the female reproductive system?

  LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
• What happens to the fertilized egg after it forms?

  It travels to the uterus to implant and develop into a fetus
• What is the cervix's role in the female reproductive system?

  It is the entrance to the uterus
• How does contraception interrupt the pregnancy process?

  By preventing sperm from meeting the egg or inhibiting egg development
• How can contraception methods be categorized?

  • Hormonal methods
  • Non-hormonal methods
• What hormones do hormonal contraceptives typically release?

  Estrogen and progesterone
• What effect does estrogen have in hormonal contraception?

  It inhibits the production of FSH, preventing egg development
• What role does progesterone play in hormonal contraception?

  It stimulates the production of thick mucus in the cervix
• What is the effectiveness of the combined oral contraceptive pill?

  Over 99% effective when taken properly
• What are some side effects of the combined oral contraceptive pill?

  Headaches and nausea
• What is the progesterone-only pill's effectiveness compared to the combined pill?

  Equally effective but tends to have fewer side effects
• How does the contraceptive patch work?

  It releases estrogen and progesterone through the skin
• How long does each contraceptive patch last?

  One week
• What is the purpose of the contraceptive injection?

  To provide a dose of progesterone that lasts two to three months
• How long can a contraceptive implant release progesterone?

  Up to three years
• What does the plastic version of the intrauterine device (IUD) release?

  Progesterone
• How does the copper IUD prevent pregnancy?

  By killing sperm and preventing them from surviving in the uterus
• What is a key characteristic of both types of IUDs?

  They can last over three years
• What are the main differences between hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptives?

  Hormonal contraceptives:

  • Release hormones (estrogen, progesterone)
  • Inhibit egg development or prevent ovulation

  
  

  Non-hormonal contraceptives:

  • Prevent sperm from meeting the egg
  • Examples include condoms and diaphragms
• How do condoms function as a contraceptive method?

  They trap sperm to prevent it from entering the vagina
• What is a unique benefit of condoms compared to other contraceptive methods?

  They protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
• What is the function of a diaphragm in contraception?

  It blocks sperm from entering the uterus
• Why must a diaphragm be used with spermicide?

  Because it is not very reliable on its own
• What is the effectiveness of spermicide alone as a contraceptive method?

  About 70% effective
• What does sterilization in women involve?

  Cutting or tying the fallopian tubes
• Why is sterilization considered a permanent method of contraception?

  Because it prevents eggs from passing to the uterus
• How can men undergo sterilization?

  By having their sperm ducts cut and tied
• What are natural methods of contraception?

  Methods like timing intercourse or withdrawal before ejaculation
• What is the only method that guarantees 100% prevention of pregnancy?

  Abstinence from sex
• What are the main methods of contraception discussed in the video?

  • Hormonal methods (e.g., pills, patches, injections, IUDs)
  • Non-hormonal methods (e.g., condoms, diaphragms, spermicide, sterilization)
  • Natural methods (e.g., timing intercourse, withdrawal)