Topic 2 - Data

• Binary Shifts:

  • Logical Shift: Moves bits left or right, padding with 0s.
  • Arithmetic Shift: Preserves the sign bit (used for signed numbers).
• Sound Representation

  • Amplitude: Height of the wave (loudness).
  • Sample Rate: Number of samples per second (measured in Hz).
  • Bit Depth: Bits per sample (affects quality).
  • Sample Interval: Time between samples.
• Representing sound

  A) Value

  B) Time

  C) Sample interval

  D) Amplitude

  E) Bit depth

  
• Bitmap Images

  • Pixels: Images consist of tiny squares of color (pixels).
  • Resolution: Number of pixels in width × height.
  • Color Depth: Number of bits per pixel (e.g., 8-bit = 256 colors).
• File size calculation:

  File size = Resolution * Colour depth * Number of pixels