The heart and blood vessels

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video on the heart structure?

  The structure of the heart and how it pumps blood around the body
• How does the double circulatory system in humans work?

  • Deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs
  • Blood collects oxygen in the lungs
  • Oxygenated blood returns to the heart
  • Heart pumps oxygenated blood to the organs
  • Blood returns back to the heart
• What is the benefit of a double circulatory system?

  It allows blood to travel rapidly to body cells, delivering oxygen efficiently
• What are the four chambers of the human heart?

  • Left atrium
  • Right atrium
  • Left ventricle
  • Right ventricle
• What separates the atria from the ventricles in the heart?

  Valves
• Why does the heart appear back to front in diagrams?

  Diagrams show the heart as if viewed from a person
• What are the four main blood vessels associated with the heart?

  • Vena cava
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Aorta
• What does the vena cava do?

  It brings in deoxygenated blood from the body
• What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

  It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
• What does the pulmonary vein do?

  It carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
• What is the role of the aorta?

  It pumps oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
• What is the pattern of blood flow through the heart?

  1. Blood enters the left and right atria
  2. Atria contract, forcing blood into the ventricles
  3. Ventricles contract, forcing blood out of the heart
  4. Valves prevent backflow into the atria
• Why does the left side of the heart have a thicker muscular wall than the right side?

  Because the left ventricle pumps blood around the entire body, requiring greater force
• What is the function of the coronary arteries?

  To supply oxygen to the muscle cells of the heart
• What do the muscle cells of the heart use oxygen for?

  For respiration to provide energy for contraction
• What controls the natural resting heart rate?

  A group of cells found in the right atrium called the pacemaker
• What happens if the pacemaker stops working correctly?

  Doctors can implant an artificial pacemaker to correct irregularities in the heart rate
• What is an artificial pacemaker?

  • A small electrical device
  • Corrects irregularities in heart rate
• Where can you find questions on the structure of the heart?

  In the vision workbook
• What should you be able to describe after watching the video?

  The structure of the heart and how it pumps blood around the body