important info

• What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

  HCl
• What are the general equations for reactions involving metals and acids?

  • Metal + acid → Salt + hydrogen
  • Metal oxide + acid → Salt + water
  • Metal hydroxide + acid → Salt + water
  • Metal carbonate + acid → Salt + water + carbon dioxide
  • Acid + alkali → Salt + water
  • Metal + oxygen → metal oxide
• How do you name salts formed from acids?

  • First part: metal that replaced hydrogen
  • Second part: derived from the acid
  • Hydrochloric acid → chloride
  • Nitric acid → nitrate
  • Sulfuric acid → sulfate
• What is the product of magnesium reacting with hydrochloric acid?

  Magnesium chloride + hydrogen
• What is the product of sodium hydroxide reacting with sulfuric acid?

  Sodium sulfate + water
• What is the product of calcium carbonate reacting with nitric acid?

  Calcium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
• What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

  Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide?

  Salt and water
• What is produced when an acid reacts with an alkali?


  Salt and water
• What is produced when a metal reacts with oxygen?

  Metal oxide
• What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

  Salt and hydrogen
• What is the reaction product of a metal oxide and an acid?

  Salt and water
• What do metal hydroxides produce when they react with acids?

  Salt and water
• What is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?

  Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What do acids and alkalis produce when they react?

  Salt and water
• What type of salt does hydrochloric acid produce?

  Chloride
• What type of salt does nitric acid produce?

  Nitrate
• What type of salt does sulfuric acid produce?

  Sulfate
• What are the general products of acid-base reactions involving metals and acids?

  • Metal + acid → Salt + hydrogen
  • Metal oxide + acid → Salt + water
  • Metal hydroxide + acid → Salt + water
  • Metal carbonate + acid → Salt + water + carbon dioxide
  • Acid + alkali → Salt + water
• Provide an example of a reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.

  Magnesium + hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + hydrogen
• Provide an example of a reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.

  Sodium hydroxide + sulfuric acid → Sodium sulfate + water
• Provide an example of a reaction between calcium carbonate and nitric acid.

  Calcium carbonate + nitric acid → Calcium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
• What is the definition of addition in chemistry?

  Two or more substances join to form one product
• What occurs during a substitution reaction?

  One atom or group is swapped for another
• What happens in a decomposition reaction?

  A single compound breaks down into simpler substances
• What is produced during combustion?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What is the result of a neutralisation reaction?

  An acid and a base form salt and water
• What occurs in a displacement reaction?

  A more reactive element pushes out a less reactive one
• What is the purpose of cracking in chemistry?

  To break a large hydrocarbon into smaller alkanes and alkenes
• What are the main types of chemical reactions?

  • Addition: Two or more substances form one product
  • Substitution: One atom or group is swapped for another
  • Decomposition: A compound breaks down into simpler substances
  • Combustion: A substance burns in oxygen, producing CO2 and water
  • Neutralisation: An acid and a base form salt and water
  • Displacement: A more reactive element displaces a less reactive one
  • Cracking: A large hydrocarbon is broken into smaller alkanes and alkenes