nitriles/amines/ketones

• ketone to hydroxynitrile

  • NaCN (aq)
  • H+ (aq)
• nitrile / hydroxynitrile to amine

  • H2 / Ni
• nitrile to carboxylic acid

  • H2O / HCl
  • heat
  • hydrolysis
• ketone is formed by secondary alcohols
• ketones can react to make

  • secondary alcohols
  • hydroxynitriles
• amines can be formed from

  • haloalkanes
  • nitriles
  • hydroxynitriles
• nitriles can be formed by haloalkanes
• nitriles can form carboxylic acids