QA2 Preparation

• What is freedom defined as in the study material?

  The absence of restriction and limitations on the choices and actions
• How is freedom related to free will?

  If you have freedom, then you have free will
• What does freedom of expression protect?

  Diverse perspectives and sharing of ideas
• What does limited freedom entail?

  It entails responsibility and accountability for one's actions
• What is absolute freedom?

  The ability to act without limitations such as laws or norms
• What are the two types of freedom mentioned in the study material?

  1. Circumstantial Freedom: Liberty to accomplish an action without interference from obstacles.
  2. Metaphysical Freedom: The power to choose among genuine alternatives.
• What does hard determinism state?

  All actions are the inevitable result of what came before
• What is reductionism?

  The idea that complex phenomena can be reduced to basic components
• What does determinism claim about free will?

  Free will does not exist
• What is compatibilism or soft determinism?

  It is the view that free will and determinism can coexist
• What does hard incompatibilism argue?

  Humans do not possess the free will required for moral responsibility
• What is intersubjectivity?

  The ways individuals can share and understand each other's subjective experiences
• What are the three levels of intersubjectivity?

  1. Empathy: The understanding of others' feelings.
  2. Availability: Being emotionally and physically present.
  3. Ethics of Care: Moral obligation towards others.
• Who established the distinctions of "I-Thou" and "I-It" relationships?

  Martin Buber
• What characterizes an "I-Thou" relationship?

  Mutual and reciprocal connections
• What does an "I-It" relationship depict?

  Separateness, disconnectedness, and detachment
• What is subjectivity?

  Individual's personal, internal feelings and perspectives
• How does hermeneutics relate to understanding?

  It is influenced by our personal experiences and biases
• What does phenomenology study?

  Interactions with others and how experiences are shaped by social context
• What does existentialism emphasize?

  Our existence is intertwined with others and our responsibilities towards them
• What does sociology study?

  How shared meanings, norms, and values emerge in a society
• What are the types of differently abled people mentioned?

  1. Physical Disabilities
  2. Sensory Disabilities
  3. Intellectual Disabilities
  4. Development Disabilities
  5. Mental Disabilities
• How is the human person defined in society?

  A living being that contains a real and existing power
• What are the four sections defining the human person in society?

  1. Purpose
  2. Physical
  3. Power
  4. Condition
• What is society defined as?

  A group of people involved in persistent social interactions
• What are the two types of social relations?

  1. Personal: Based on mutual background and cooperation.
  2. Transactional: Based on means for attaining goals and competition.
• What is social interaction's role in society?

  It is crucial for the development of societies
• What does material reproduction refer to?

  The utilization and distribution of societies' resources for survival
• What does symbolic reproduction refer to?

  The transmission of cultural knowledge and formation of identities
• What characterizes pre-industrial societies?

  • Traditional or agrarian societies
  • Reliance on manual labor and agriculture
  • Limited production and social class variation
• What is a tribal society?

  A group of people living in a primitive setting under a leader
• What does feudal society refer to?

  An economic, political, and social system characterized by land ownership
• What characterizes industrial societies?

  • Heavy reliance on industrial processes and technology
  • Shift from agrarian to mechanized production
  • Urbanization and technological advancement
• What is industrialization?

  The use of advanced technology to drive massive production
• What does urbanization refer to?

  The migration of people from rural areas to urban centers for jobs
• What is the role of technological advancement in industrial societies?

  It drives economic growth and increases productivity
• What is the significance of transportation and communication in industrial societies?

  They are crucial for the functioning of industrial societies
• What characterizes post-industrial societies?

  • Shift from manufacturing-based to service-based economy
  • Significant role of services like finance and healthcare
  • Widespread access to information and communication technologies
• What is a service-oriented economy?

  Economy where services make up a substantial portion
• What is digital citizenship?

  A person knowledgeable in using social platforms responsibly