Medical terminology

• • graphy means recording, writing down.
• • tomy/otome means incision.
• • gram means record or picture.
• • meter means instrument used to measure.
• • metry means measurement.
• • plasty means surgical repair or reconstruction.
• • stasis means stoppage.
• • ectomy means removal.
• • scopy means visual inspection of internal organs using an endoscope.
• • scope means examination by an instrument that magnifies the image.
• • centesis means puncture with aspiration (removal).
• • scopy means examination using an instrument that looks inside the body.
• • scope means examination by looking at.
• • stasis means stoppage, obstruction.
• • ectomy means removal.
• Which area of the central nervous system is likely damaged if a patient has a lack of coordination and an unsteady gait?

  Cerebellum
• What are the symptoms exhibited by the patient after a traumatic head injury?

  Lack of coordination and unsteady gait
• What is the role of the cerebellum in the central nervous system?

  It coordinates voluntary movements and balance
• How can the symptoms of lack of coordination and unsteady gait help in diagnosing brain injuries?

  They indicate potential damage to the cerebellum
• Why might damage to the medulla oblongata not cause lack of coordination?

  Because it primarily regulates autonomic functions
• Which option is NOT a part of the central nervous system?

  Articular disk
• What is the function of the brainstem?

  It controls basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate
• How does a traumatic head injury affect the cerebellum compared to other areas of the brain?

  It can lead to coordination issues, unlike other areas that may affect autonomic functions
• What is the NIH Stroke Scale used for?

  It is the standard of care for stroke patients
• What does LOC stand for in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Level of Consciousness
• What is assessed under the 'Best gaze' category in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  The ability to move the eyes in different directions
• What does the 'Visual' category in the NIH Stroke Scale evaluate?

  Visual field loss
• What does 'Facial palsy' refer to in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles
• What does the 'Motor arm' assessment measure in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  The strength and movement of the arm
• What does the 'Motor leg' assessment evaluate in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  The strength and movement of the leg
• What is assessed under 'Limb Ataxia' in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Coordination of limb movements
• What does the 'Sensory' assessment in the NIH Stroke Scale measure?

  Ability to feel touch, pain, and temperature
• What does 'Best Language' assess in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Ability to speak and understand language
• What is 'Dysarthria' in the context of the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Difficulty in articulating words
• What does 'Extinction and inattention' refer to in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  Inability to notice stimuli on one side of the body
• What are the components assessed in the NIH Stroke Scale?

  • Level of Consciousness (LOC)
  • Best gaze
  • Visual
  • Facial palsy
  • Motor arm
  • Motor leg
  • Limb Ataxia (cerebellum)
  • Sensory
  • Best Language
  • Dysarthria
  • Extinction and inattention
• What should calcium be taken with to increase its absorption?

  Vitamin D
• Which demographic is more prone to developing osteoporosis?

  African American women
• What may increased phosphorus metabolism lead to?

  Bone fragility
• Which type of exercise is more advantageous in preventing osteoporosis?

  Weight-bearing exercise