Respiration

• What is respiration?

  It is the process of transferring energy from glucose for living processes.
• Do all living things undergo respiration?

  Yes, all living things undergo respiration.
• Why is respiration considered exothermic?

  Because energy is transferred to the environment during the process.
• What are the two types of respiration?

  Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
• What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

  C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ ---> CO₂ + H₂O
• What is the main product of aerobic respiration?

  It yields the most energy.
• What does aerobic respiration use?

  It uses oxygen.
• Where do most reactions of aerobic respiration occur?

  In the mitochondria.
• What does C₆H₁₂O₆ represent?

  Glucose.
• What does H₂O represent?

  Water.
• What does CO₂ represent?

  Carbon dioxide.
• What does O₂ represent?

  Oxygen.
• When does anaerobic respiration occur?

  When there is not enough oxygen.
• Why is anaerobic respiration used as a last resort?

  Because it occurs when it is difficult to breathe in enough oxygen.
• How does the energy yield of anaerobic respiration compare to aerobic respiration?

  It does not yield as much energy as aerobic respiration.
• What is produced during anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Lactic acid.
• What is the anaerobic respiration equation for animals?

  Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) ---> Lactic acid.
• What is produced during anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
• What is the anaerobic respiration equation for plants and yeast?

  Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) ---> Ethanol + CO₂.
• How is fermentation used in food production?

  It is used to make bread and alcoholic drinks.
• What happens to energy needs during exercise?

  More energy is needed for muscles to contract.
• How does the body respond to increased energy needs during exercise?

  By increasing heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume.
• What occurs if there is not enough oxygen during vigorous exercise?

  Anaerobic respiration takes place instead.
• What is oxygen debt?

  It is the amount of extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid.
• What happens to lactic acid after exercise?

  It is transported to the liver where it is converted back to glucose.
• What is metabolism?

  It is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body.