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biology paper 1
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Cards (18)
What is the circulatory system in fish?
Single
circulatory system
Deoxygenated
blood is pumped from the
heart
to the
gills
Blood
collects
oxygen at the gills
Oxygenated blood goes to the organs
Blood returns to the heart
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What is a disadvantage of a single circulatory system in fish?
Blood loses pressure as it passes through the
gills
, traveling slowly to the
organs
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How does the double circulatory system in humans work?
Deoxygenated
blood is pumped from the
heart
to the lungs
Blood collects oxygen in the
lungs
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart
Heart pumps oxygenated blood to the
organs
Blood transfers oxygen to
body cells
and returns to the heart
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What is the benefit of the double circulatory system in humans?
It allows blood to travel rapidly to
body cells
, delivering necessary oxygen
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What are the four chambers of the human heart?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
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What separates the atria from the ventricles in the heart?
Valves
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Why does the heart appear back to front in diagrams?
Diagrams show the heart as if
viewed
from a person
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What are the
four main blood vessels
associated with the heart?
Vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Aorta
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What does the
vena cava
do?
It brings
oxygenated blood
from the
body to the heart
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What is the function of the
pulmonary artery
?
It carries
deoxygenated blood
from the
heart to the lungs
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What does the
pulmonary vein
do?
It carries
oxygenated
blood from the lungs to the heart
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What is the role of the
aorta?
It pumps
oxygenated
blood from the
heart to the body
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Describe the pattern of blood flow through the heart.
Blood enters the left and right atria
Atria contract, forcing blood into the ventricles
Ventricles contract, forcing blood out of the heart
Valves prevent backflow into the atria
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Why does the left side of the heart have a thicker muscular wall than the right side?
The
left ventricle
pumps blood around the
entire body
, requiring greater force
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What are coronary arteries?
Arteries that branch out of the
aorta
and supply oxygen to the heart muscle
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What is the purpose of the coronary arteries?
To supply
oxygen
to the
muscle cells
of the
heart
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What is the natural resting heart rate controlled by?
A group of cells found in the right
atrium
called the
pacemaker
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What is an artificial pacemaker?
A small electrical device that corrects
irregularities
in heart rate
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