Simple molecular substances

• What are simple molecular substances made out of?


  Molecules containing a few atoms joined by covalent bonds.
• What are simple molecular substances made up of?

  Molecules made up of single atoms joined by covalent bonds
• How do two hydrogen atoms bond together?

  They share one pair of electrons to form a single covalent bond
• What is the molecular formula for hydrogen gas?

  H₂
• Why do two oxygen atoms bond together?

  They share two pairs of electrons to complete their outer shells
• What is the molecular formula for oxygen gas?

  O₂
• How many covalent bonds can carbon form in methane?

  Four covalent bonds with hydrogen atoms
• What is the molecular formula for methane?

  CH₄
• How do two chlorine atoms bond together?

  They share one pair of electrons to form a single covalent bond
• What is the molecular formula for chlorine gas?

  Cl₂
• How do water molecules form covalent bonds?

  Oxygen shares a pair of electrons with two hydrogen atoms
• What is the molecular formula for water?

  H₂O
• How do nitrogen atoms bond together?

  They share three pairs of electrons to fill their outer shells
• What is the molecular formula for nitrogen gas?

  N₂
• How does hydrogen chloride bond?

  Both atoms share one electron to complete their outer shells
• What is the molecular formula for hydrogen chloride?

  HCl
• Substances containing covalent bonds usually have simple molecular substances.
• What are the forces of attraction like in molecules containing covalent bonds?


  Weak.
• How can you melt or boil a simple molecular compound?

  Break the weak intermolecular forces, not the covalent bond.
• What are most molecular substances at room temperatur?


  Gas or liquid.
• As molecules get bigger, what happens to their melting and boiling points and why?


  Increases due to strong intermolecular forces which are harder to break down.
• Why do molecular compounds not conduct electricity?


  They are not charged so there is no free electrons or ions.