development

• ​what is the definition of development?


  There are improvements to individual factors making up the quality of life of a given location
• what are development indicators for?


  they allow us to measure some of the individual factors in the development
• what are examples of development indicators?

  ​-HDI- Human Development Index

  -GDP/GNI

  -literacy rate and healthcare {composite}
• what are demographics?


  the study of human population
• what does demographic data include?

  information on:

  population size, density, growth

  organisational groupings
• what is the key factor of demographics, related to development?


  natural increase; total births (per 1000 population) - total deaths
• what are some causes of uneven development?


  location: migration

  economic: open/ closed economies

  social: investments in healthcare and education

  political: corruption and mismanagement

  environmental: natural disasters, climate, landlocked countries

  history: wars and conflict, colonialism
• why are development theories useful?


  -stages that causes a country to develop

  -to explore and improve understanding of situations
• what are examples of development theories?

  (rostow) modernisation theory — economic development

  (frank) dependency theory -
• what is a top-down development?


  national or regional developments that achieve economic growth and stability.

  technology based on the large-scale infrastructure and industrial products.

  funded by TNCs
• give an example of a top-down development


  three gorges dam (China)
• what is a bottom-up development?


  community-based projects, improving the quality of life.

  appropriate technology used based on local needs and resources, prioritises tech that can improve lives

  funded by grants, donations, crowd funding.
• give an example of bottom-up development

  sand dams (Kenya)
• what are factors that contribute to development?


  fair trade

  aid

  remittances

  debt relief